Morehead J M, Parsons D S, McMahon D P
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States Air Force Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78236-5300.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1993 Feb;26(1):89-94. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(93)90200-m.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is rare in children and previously unreported as a second malignancy after survival of acute leukemia. Usual etiologic associations such as smoking and alcohol use are not commonly seen in this population, and exposure to immunosuppressive and antineoplastic agents including radiation therapy may contribute to the occurrence of these tumors. A review of the literature reveals only 21 previously reported cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in children less than 15 years old, and in only two cases was it a second malignancy; none were in leukemia survivors. Small numbers prevent accurate conclusions with regard to tumor behavior, but prognosis appears to be poor with aggressive invasion and early metastasis common. Follow-up of survivors of leukemia and its therapy with immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drugs and radiation should include regular careful head and neck examinations.
儿童舌鳞状细胞癌较为罕见，此前未有急性白血病存活后发生第二原发恶性肿瘤的报道。该人群中常见的病因关联因素如吸烟和饮酒并不常见，接触免疫抑制和抗肿瘤药物（包括放射治疗）可能促使这些肿瘤的发生。文献回顾显示，此前仅报道过21例15岁以下儿童舌鳞状细胞癌病例，其中仅2例为第二原发恶性肿瘤；均非白血病幸存者。由于病例数量少，难以就肿瘤行为得出准确结论，但侵袭性强且早期转移常见，预后似乎较差。对白血病幸存者及其接受免疫抑制、细胞毒性药物和放射治疗的随访应包括定期仔细的头颈部检查。
