Johanson R B, Malla D S, Tuladhar C, Amatya M, Spencer S A, Rolfe P
Department of Obstetrics, North Staffordshire Maternity Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.
J Trop Pediatr. 1993 Feb;39(1):4-10. doi: 10.1093/tropej/39.1.4.
An assessment of the incubators in use at the Kathmandu Maternity Hospital neonatal unit was undertaken; this was followed by a prospective survey of neonatal temperatures on the unit. In the incubator assessment 11 studies were carried out in five incubators. Three of the thermostats in the five incubators did not work at all and those in the other two incubators were more than 3 degrees C inaccurate. All the incubator thermometers gave recordings less than the actual temperature (with a range of error: 1.3-4.4 degrees C). Six out of the 11 babies studied were hypothermic (defined as rectal temperature < 36 degrees C). In the prospective survey of temperatures a high incidence of hypothermia was found on the neonatal unit at the time of first temperature measurement (64 per cent had a rectal temperature of < 36 degrees C). A significant association between admission hypothermia and mortality was noted. Sixteen per cent (10/64) of babies admitted with temperatures < 36 degrees C died within the first week, compared to 0 (0/36) of those admitted with temperatures > or = 36 degrees C.
对加德满都妇产医院新生儿病房正在使用的保温箱进行了评估；随后对该病房的新生儿体温进行了一项前瞻性调查。在保温箱评估中，对5个保温箱进行了11项研究。5个保温箱中的3个恒温器完全失灵，另外2个保温箱中的恒温器误差超过3摄氏度。所有保温箱温度计的读数均低于实际温度（误差范围为1.3 - 4.4摄氏度）。在研究的11名婴儿中，有6名体温过低（定义为直肠温度<36摄氏度）。在温度的前瞻性调查中，发现新生儿病房在首次测量体温时体温过低的发生率很高（64%的婴儿直肠温度<36摄氏度）。注意到入院时体温过低与死亡率之间存在显著关联。体温<36摄氏度入院的婴儿中有16%（10/64）在第一周内死亡，而体温≥36摄氏度入院的婴儿死亡率为0（0/36）。
