Müller F M, Onder G, Kamin W, Gutjahr P, Schmitt H J
Kinderklinik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz.
Klin Padiatr. 1993 Jan-Feb;205(1):9-13. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1025189.
In Germany, infectious diseases cause little mortality, but they are responsible for a large proportion of morbidity. In order to obtain data about the relevance of infectious diarrhea, the charts of 1337 outpatients, hospitalized for this disorder in the time between 1986-1989 at the Children's Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of patients were younger than one year. An offending organism could be isolated in 42.1% of patients, with Rotaviruses being the leading cause of diarrhea (415 cases), followed by Salmonella spp. (130 cases). Rotavirus-disease was mainly seen in winter, Salmonella-disease in late summer and in autumn. Severe courses of diarrhea were rare, no patient died. Mean duration of hospitalization was 7 days, independent from the offending organism. Infectious diarrhea is a common disorder in children in Germany, which may lead to hospitalization especially during infancy. Additional epidemiological studies are needed in order to develop effective control measures.
在德国,传染病导致的死亡率较低,但在发病率中占很大比例。为了获取有关感染性腹泻相关性的数据,对1986年至1989年间在美因茨约翰内斯·古腾堡大学儿童医院因该疾病住院的1337名门诊患者的病历进行了分析。67%的患者年龄小于一岁。42.1%的患者可分离出致病病原体,其中轮状病毒是腹泻的主要病因(415例),其次是沙门氏菌属(130例)。轮状病毒疾病主要发生在冬季,沙门氏菌疾病主要发生在夏末和秋季。严重腹泻病程罕见,无患者死亡。平均住院时间为7天,与致病病原体无关。感染性腹泻在德国儿童中是一种常见疾病,尤其在婴儿期可能导致住院。需要进一步开展流行病学研究以制定有效的控制措施。