Larue-Achagiotis C, Martin C, Verger P, Chabert M, Louis-Sylvestre J
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Nutrition, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Physiol Behav. 1993 Feb;53(2):403-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90225-5.
Total energy intake and macronutrient self-selection were examined in rats following forced exercise (2 h treadmill, 15 m/min) or after a similar period of food deprivation without exercise. Acute exercise was realized at the end of the daytime. Return to the home cage for food access after exercise or after the same period of fasting was delayed for 0, 30, and 90 min. It has been shown that rats decreased body weight after all exercise situations. Food intake after deprivation was decreased in the first 3 h but was not modified over 24 h. The 24-h energy intake after exercise was identically reduced in the three situations. Carbohydrate and protein intakes were significantly reduced just after exercise. Protein decrease persisted all through the night and, to a lesser extent, during the following nycthemere. Fat decrease appeared later and was significant in the last part of the night. Increasing the delay to food access after exercise did not modify the total energy intake, but it significantly reduced carbohydrate intake. Those results show that exercise has a longer influence on food intake and, specifically, on macronutrient selection, than just food deprivation. Various hypotheses regarding central (cerebral neurotransmitters) and peripheral factors could be evoked in order to explain these modifications in the self-selected diet after an acute exercise.
在强迫运动（跑步机上2小时，速度15米/分钟）后或在类似时长的不运动禁食期后，对大鼠的总能量摄入和常量营养素自我选择情况进行了检测。急性运动在白天结束时进行。运动后或相同时长的禁食期后，回到饲养笼获取食物的时间延迟0、30和90分钟。结果显示，在所有运动情况下大鼠体重均下降。禁食后的食物摄入量在前3小时减少，但24小时内未发生变化。三种情况下运动后的24小时能量摄入量均同样减少。运动后碳水化合物和蛋白质摄入量显著减少。蛋白质摄入量的减少在整个夜间持续存在，在随后的一昼夜中程度较轻。脂肪摄入量的减少出现较晚，在夜间最后阶段显著。运动后延迟获取食物的时间并未改变总能量摄入量，但显著降低了碳水化合物摄入量。这些结果表明，与单纯禁食相比，运动对食物摄入量，特别是对常量营养素选择的影响持续时间更长。为了解释急性运动后自选饮食中的这些变化，可以提出关于中枢（脑神经递质）和外周因素的各种假设。
