Iwarson S
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Göteborg, Ostra Hospital, Sweden.
Vaccine. 1993;11 Suppl 1:S18-20. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(93)90153-o.
In western Europe there has been a striking decline in the incidence of hepatitis B virus infection during the second half of the 1980s. Only a minor part of this decrease is the effect of vaccination, since rather limited vaccination programmes have been introduced in most west European countries. The policies for recommendation of hepatitis B vaccination have differed from north to south in Europe due to different risks of exposure to hepatitis B virus. In Scandinavia, vaccination has mainly been recommended for health-care workers with frequent blood contact, while in Germany and in France vaccination has been recommended for all health-care workers with patient contact. Further south, as in Italy, all health-care workers have been considered a risk group, and vaccination is recommended for all newly recruited workers and students.
20世纪80年代后半期，西欧的乙肝病毒感染发病率显著下降。这种下降只有一小部分是疫苗接种的效果，因为大多数西欧国家推行的疫苗接种计划相当有限。由于接触乙肝病毒的风险不同，欧洲从北到南推荐乙肝疫苗接种的政策也有所不同。在斯堪的纳维亚半岛，主要建议经常接触血液的医护人员接种疫苗，而在德国和法国，建议所有与患者接触的医护人员接种疫苗。再往南，比如在意大利，所有医护人员都被视为高危人群，建议所有新入职的工作人员和学生接种疫苗。
