Schilder A G, Zielhuis G A, Van Den Broek P
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1993 Feb;18(1):48-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1993.tb00809.x.
The otological characteristics of a birth cohort of 7.5-8-year-old Dutch children are reported. Questionnaire information was available for 1004 children, while otomicroscopic, tympanometric and pure-tone audiometric data were available for 946 children. Twenty-nine per cent of the children had been treated surgically for various ENT diseases. Fifty-five per cent of the children had normal tympanic membranes, 19% mild abnormalities, and 26% moderate to severe abnormalities. At this age the prevalence of bilateral otitis media with effusion (OME), as shown by a type B tympanogram was 2.5%, while that of unilateral OME was 7%. A pure-tone average hearing level of > or = 15 dB in the better-hearing ear was found in 4% of the children. The presence of OME was associated with a mean hearing loss of 20 dB. This study shows that structural and functional middle-ear abnormalities are highly prevalent in Dutch school children.
报告了一组7.5至8岁荷兰儿童出生队列的耳科学特征。有1004名儿童的问卷调查信息，而946名儿童有耳镜检查、鼓室图和纯音听力测定数据。29%的儿童因各种耳鼻喉疾病接受过手术治疗。55%的儿童鼓膜正常，19%有轻度异常，26%有中度至重度异常。在这个年龄，B型鼓室图显示双侧分泌性中耳炎（OME）的患病率为2.5%，而单侧OME的患病率为7%。4%的儿童较好耳的纯音平均听力水平≥15 dB。OME的存在与平均20 dB的听力损失有关。这项研究表明，中耳结构和功能异常在荷兰学童中非常普遍。
