Landthaler M, Rück A, Szeimies R M
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universität Regensburg.
Hautarzt. 1993 Feb;44(2):69-74.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is still an experimental modality using red light in conjunction with a systemic or topical photosensitizer. The photosensitizers have a longer retention time in malignant tumors compared with the normal surrounding tissue. Irradiation with a red light at wavelength of 630 nm results in photochemical generation of cytotoxic singulet oxygen. The systemic sensitizer mostly used is hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) and the light sources are argon-pumped dye lasers, gold vapour lasers and even more simple light sources based on conventional lamps. The most important side effect of systemic application of HPD is light hypersensitivity in the UVA range, which lasts up to several weeks. Multiple studies in recent years have proved that superficial basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, Bowen's disease and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma respond to systemic PDT. Up to now, however studies with greater numbers of patients and a sufficient follow-up have been lacking. Topical application of sensitizers like amino-levulinic acid (ALA) and tetraphenylporphine sulfonate (TPPS) have been used for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Possible future applications of PDT are virus papillomas and psoriasis. Even if PDT is an experimental therapeutical modality at present, it may become more clinical relevant in the future.
光动力疗法（PDT）仍然是一种实验性治疗方法，它使用红光并结合全身或局部光敏剂。与周围正常组织相比，光敏剂在恶性肿瘤中的保留时间更长。用波长为630nm的红光照射会光化学产生细胞毒性单线态氧。最常用的全身敏化剂是血卟啉衍生物（HPD），光源有氩离子泵浦染料激光器、金蒸汽激光器，甚至还有基于传统灯具的更简单的光源。全身应用HPD最重要的副作用是UVA范围内的光过敏，可持续数周。近年来的多项研究证明，浅表基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、鲍恩病和流行性卡波西肉瘤对全身PDT有反应。然而，到目前为止，还缺乏对更多患者进行充分随访的研究。局部应用诸如氨基酮戊酸（ALA）和四苯基卟啉磺酸盐（TPPS）等敏化剂已用于治疗浅表基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌。PDT未来可能的应用包括病毒乳头瘤和牛皮癣。即使目前PDT是一种实验性治疗方法，但它在未来可能会与临床更相关。
