Covell R, Follett E, Coote I, Bloor M, Finlay A, Frischer M, Goldberg D, Green S, Haw S, McKeganey N
University of Glasgow, U.K.
J Infect. 1993 Jan;26(1):27-31. doi: 10.1016/0163-4453(93)96712-y.
The use of saliva rather than blood for epidemiological studies of HIV prevalence, especially among injecting drug users, has several practical advantages. In a cross-sectional, behavioural and prevalence study among drug users in Glasgow during 1990, salivary samples were therefore obtained by the use of salivettes. Such samples were requested for anonymous anti-HIV testing from 498 persons in locations varying from residential rehabilitation centres to the open streets. Of this number, 35 refused to give a sample, resulting in a compliance rate of 93%. Of the 463 salivettes received by the laboratory, eight were found to be dry. Of the remaining 455 specimens, eight were found to be positive for HIV-1 antibody by means of an IgG antibody capture ELISA, so giving a prevalence rate of 1.8%. The results of testing saliva and blood spot samples collected at the same time on filter paper from 98 persons for HIV-1 antibody were 100% concordant. The study confirms the experience of others that specimens of saliva are easy to collect under variable conditions by non-medical staff and demonstrates that the salivette can provide an HIV antibody test result the same as that obtained from a blood spot. The prevalence of HIV antibody determined in this study is similar to that of other studies taking place in the city during the same period of time.
在艾滋病病毒流行情况的流行病学研究中，使用唾液而非血液，尤其在注射吸毒者中，具有几个实际优势。因此，在1990年对格拉斯哥吸毒者进行的一项横断面行为及流行情况研究中，通过使用唾液采集管获取唾液样本。从居住康复中心到露天街道等不同地点的498人被要求提供此类样本用于匿名艾滋病病毒检测。其中，35人拒绝提供样本，依从率为93%。实验室收到的463个唾液采集管中，有8个被发现干燥无液。在其余455个样本中，通过IgG抗体捕获酶联免疫吸附测定法发现有8个样本的艾滋病病毒1型抗体呈阳性，患病率为1.8%。对98人同时采集的唾液和滤纸血斑样本进行艾滋病病毒1型抗体检测的结果完全一致。该研究证实了其他人的经验，即唾液样本在各种条件下都易于由非医务人员采集，并表明唾液采集管能够提供与血斑相同的艾滋病病毒抗体检测结果。本研究中确定的艾滋病病毒抗体患病率与同期在该市进行的其他研究相似。
