通过检测唾液进行艾滋病毒监测。

HIV surveillance by testing saliva.

作者信息

Johnson A M, Parry J V, Best S J, Smith A M, de Silva M, Mortimer P P

机构信息

Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University College, Middlesex School of Medicine, London.

出版信息

AIDS. 1988 Oct;2(5):369-71. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198810000-00006.

DOI:10.1097/00002030-198810000-00006

PMID:3146265

Abstract

Saliva specimens were tested for HIV antibody (anti-HIV) by an immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody capture radioimmunoassay (GACRIA) and three sensitive commercial assays. In tests on 460 seronegative subjects and 196 seropositive subjects GACRIA was 99.8% specific and 100% sensitive. The Wellcome HIV monoclonal and Abbott recombinant DNA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were also highly specific (99.8%, 100%) but they were less sensitive (90.9%, 82.0%). The Fujirebio particle agglutination assay was sensitive (97.8%) but its specificity was poor (84.1%). In testing saliva specimens from populations with an anti-HIV prevalence greater than 0.5%, sampling by GACRIA alone could provide a good estimate of the true prevalence. For true prevalences less than 0.5% good estimates could only be obtained if positive GACRIA reactions were confirmed by another independent salivary assay. Salivary testing for anti HIV is a convenient and potentially an accurate epidemiological tool.

摘要

通过免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体捕获放射免疫测定法（GACRIA）和三种灵敏的商业检测法对唾液标本进行HIV抗体（抗HIV）检测。在对460名血清阴性受试者和196名血清阳性受试者的检测中，GACRIA的特异性为99.8%，敏感性为100%。威康HIV单克隆抗体和雅培重组DNA酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）也具有很高的特异性（分别为99.8%、100%），但敏感性较低（分别为90.9%、82.0%）。富士瑞必欧颗粒凝集试验敏感性较高（97.8%），但其特异性较差（84.1%）。在检测抗HIV流行率大于0.5%的人群的唾液标本时，仅通过GACRIA采样就能较好地估计真实流行率。对于真实流行率低于0.5%的情况，只有通过另一种独立的唾液检测法确认GACRIA阳性反应，才能获得较好的估计值。唾液抗HIV检测是一种方便且可能准确的流行病学工具。