Magazani K, Laleman G, Perriëns J H, Kizonde K, Mukendi K, Mpungu M, Badibanga N, Piot P
Centre Régional de Lutte contre le SIDA, Lubumbashi, Zaire.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1993 Apr;6(4):419-23.
Sentinel serosurveillance for HIV infection has been carried out in Shaba province, Zaire, among consecutive pregnant women attending antenatal clinics from 1989 to 1991. There were four surveillance sites (three urban and one semiurban), at which a total of 13 surveillance studies were made of 4,205 women. Overall, 3.1% were HIV seropositive. There were no significant differences in HIV seroprevalence between surveillance sites, and HIV seroprevalence did not increase at any of the surveillance sites during the 2-year period of study. Since changes in the population studied did not occur between surveillance studies, it is believed that the observed stable trend reflects stable HIV seroprevalence rates in the general adult population of the surveillance sites. Collateral HIV seroprevalence data were available from 8,725 blood donors at 20 sites (six urban, 14 rural) in the province, who had an overall HIV seroprevalence of 4.6%. The higher HIV seroprevalence rate among blood donors was probably due to selection bias, since HIV seroprevalence rates in two blood banks, which relied nearly exclusively on replacement donors, were 2.7 and 2.8%, our best estimate for HIV seroprevalence in the three cities where blood banks exist and where no surveillance studies were carried out. The stable and relatively low HIV seroprevalence rates in Shaba province are in sharp contrast with the rapidly increasing and much higher rates in neighboring Zambia and other East African cities. Reasons for this discrepancy are unclear, and their eludication may yield critical information for HIV prevention programs.
1989年至1991年期间，在扎伊尔沙巴省，对连续到产前诊所就诊的孕妇开展了艾滋病毒感染哨点血清学监测。设有四个监测点（三个城市监测点和一个半城市监测点），对4205名妇女共进行了13次监测研究。总体而言，3.1%的妇女艾滋病毒血清学检测呈阳性。各监测点之间的艾滋病毒血清阳性率没有显著差异，并且在为期两年的研究期间，任何一个监测点的艾滋病毒血清阳性率均未上升。由于在各次监测研究之间所研究的人群没有变化，因此据信观察到的稳定趋势反映了监测点一般成年人群中稳定的艾滋病毒血清阳性率。该省20个地点（6个城市地点、14个农村地点）的8725名献血者有并行的艾滋病毒血清阳性率数据，他们的总体艾滋病毒血清阳性率为4.6%。献血者中较高的艾滋病毒血清阳性率可能是由于选择偏倚所致，因为两家几乎完全依赖替代献血者的血库中的艾滋病毒血清阳性率分别为2.7%和2.8%，这是我们对设有血库且未开展监测研究的三个城市中艾滋病毒血清阳性率的最佳估计。沙巴省稳定且相对较低的艾滋病毒血清阳性率与邻国赞比亚及其他东非城市中迅速上升且高得多的艾滋病毒血清阳性率形成鲜明对比。这种差异的原因尚不清楚，对其加以阐明可能会为艾滋病毒预防项目提供关键信息。
