Mulanga-Kabeya C, Nzilambi N, Edidi B, Minlangu M, Tshimpaka T, Kambembo L, Atibu L, Mama N, Ilunga W, Sema H, Tshimanga K, Bongo B, Peeters M, Delaporte E
Laboratoire Rétrovirus, Centre ORSTOM, Montpellier, France.
AIDS. 1998 May 28;12(8):905-10. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199808000-00013.
To determine current data on HIV infection and to document changes and trends of HIV seroprevalence in selected populations over time in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; former Zaïre).
In February 1997, a large serosurvey was conducted on selected population groups from Kinshasa (capital city), Mbuji-May (southeast) and Bwamanda (northwest). Samples obtained from pregnant women, tuberculosis patients, commercial sex workers, blood donors and sexually transmitted disease patients were screened for the presence of HIV antibodies by a rapid assay and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All reactive specimens were confirmed and discriminated by a line immunoassay, and were further tested for the presence of HIV-1 group O antibodies. Our results were compared to data reported in previous studies in Kinshasa.
Of a total 1970 samples collected, 219 (11.1%) were HIV-1-reactive and seven (0.3%) were dually reactive to HIV-1 and HIV-2. No case of HIV-1 group O or HIV-2 infection was diagnosed. HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women was 3.1% (16 out of 511), 6.3% (19 out of 300) and 1.5% (one out of 65) in Kinshasa, Mbuji-Mayi, and Bwamanda, respectively. HIV seroprevalence in tuberculosis patients was 26% (52 out of 200), 28% (17 out of 60), and 35.3% (29 out of 83), respectively. HIV seroprevalence among blood donors was 3.1% in Kinshasa and 2.8% in Mbuji-Mayi. Compared with data from previous studies performed in Kinshasa, no substantial change in HIV infection rates was observed among the selected population groups.
Our results show that HIV prevalence rates have remained relatively unchanged in selected populations despite the political instability and poor environment observed since 1991 in DRC. It also shows the presence, still at very low rate, of dual HIV-1/HIV-2 seropositivity and a growing problem of HIV infection in rural areas. In contrast to other Central African countries, no HIV-1 group O infections were detected in DRC.
确定刚果民主共和国（前扎伊尔）艾滋病毒感染的现有数据，并记录特定人群中艾滋病毒血清阳性率随时间的变化和趋势。
1997年2月，对来自金沙萨（首都）、姆布吉 - 马伊（东南部）和布瓦曼达（西北部）的特定人群组进行了大规模血清学调查。通过快速检测和商业酶联免疫吸附测定法对从孕妇、结核病患者、商业性工作者、献血者和性传播疾病患者中获取的样本进行艾滋病毒抗体筛查。所有反应性标本通过线性免疫测定法进行确认和鉴别，并进一步检测是否存在HIV - 1 O组抗体。将我们的结果与金沙萨先前研究报告的数据进行比较。
在总共收集的1970个样本中，219个（11.1%）对HIV - 1呈反应性，7个（0.3%）对HIV - 1和HIV - 2呈双重反应性。未诊断出HIV - 1 O组或HIV - 2感染病例。金沙萨、姆布吉 - 马伊和布瓦曼达孕妇中的艾滋病毒血清阳性率分别为3.1%（511例中的16例）、6.3%（300例中的19例）和1.5%（65例中的1例）。结核病患者中的艾滋病毒血清阳性率分别为26%（200例中的52例）、28%（60例中的17例）和35.3%（83例中的29例）。金沙萨献血者中的艾滋病毒血清阳性率为3.1%，姆布吉 - 马伊为2.8%。与金沙萨先前研究的数据相比，在选定人群组中未观察到艾滋病毒感染率有实质性变化。
我们的结果表明，尽管自1991年以来刚果民主共和国存在政治不稳定和恶劣环境，但选定人群中的艾滋病毒流行率相对保持不变。这也表明仍存在极低比例的HIV - 1/HIV - 2双重血清阳性，以及农村地区艾滋病毒感染问题日益严重。与其他中非国家不同，刚果民主共和国未检测到HIV - 1 O组感染。
