Hausen B M, Emde L, Marks V
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hamburg, FRG.
Contact Dermatitis. 1993 Feb;28(2):70-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03344.x.
The sensitizing potency of Cladonia stellaris ('reindeer lichen', 'silver moss') extracts was determined in guinea pigs by a modified FCA (Freund's complete adjuvant) test. The lichen showed a moderate sensitizing potency. Similar investigations with pure common lichen constituents revealed a moderate sensitizing potency for fumarprotocetraric acid and atranorin and a weak one for evernic acid, stictic acid and both forms of usnic acid. Although generally weak, (-)-usnic acid was at least 2 x stronger than (+)-usnic acid. After separation of the Cladonia ether extract into 'usnic-acid-free' and 'usnic-acid-containing' fractions, perlatolic acid was identified as the main allergenic constituent of the 'usnic-acid-free' fraction. Stictic, evernic, fumarprotocetraric acid and atranorin were not detectable. Lichens and lichen products generally possess a weak to moderate sensitizing capacity. Compared with common sensitizers of occupational and environmental importance, these products play only a minor rôle.
通过改良的弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）试验，在豚鼠中测定了星状石蕊（“驯鹿地衣”，“银苔”）提取物的致敏效力。该地衣显示出中等致敏效力。对纯常见地衣成分进行的类似研究表明，富马原岛衣酸和扁枝衣酸具有中等致敏效力，而扁枝衣二酸、裂芽酸和两种形式的松萝酸致敏效力较弱。虽然通常较弱，但（-）-松萝酸的致敏效力至少是（+）-松萝酸的2倍。将石蕊乙醚提取物分离为“无松萝酸”和“含松萝酸”组分后，鉴定出珍珠酸是“无松萝酸”组分的主要致敏成分。未检测到裂芽酸、扁枝衣二酸、富马原岛衣酸和扁枝衣酸。地衣和地衣产品通常具有弱至中等的致敏能力。与具有职业和环境重要性的常见致敏原相比，这些产品的作用较小。
