Freeman D M, Hendrix D K, Shah D, Fan L F, Weiss T F
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
Hear Res. 1993 Feb;65(1-2):83-98. doi: 10.1016/0378-5955(93)90204-e.
The effects of different artificial lymphs on the cochlear duct of the alligator lizard were studied in an in vitro preparation. The duct was dissected and cemented to the glass floor of a chamber that had been filled with an artificial lymph. The vestibular membrane was removed and latex beads (1-5 microns in diameter) were allowed to settle on the endolymphatic surface of the duct. During perfusion with an artificial lymph solution, the positions of beads were measured and video images of the duct were obtained. Artificial lymphs were isosmotic and included artificial endolymph (AE), artificial perilymph (AP), Leibovitz's L-15 culture medium, an AE solution whose calcium concentration was the same as that of AP, and AE and AP solutions in which gluconate was substituted for chloride ions. Results obtained in AE were consistently different from those in other lymphs. The displacements of beads, the projected area of the papilla, the occurrence of blebs, and direct observation of cells in the duct all indicated that the tissue swelled in AE (with or without 2 mmol/l Ca) but showed no consistent shrinking or swelling in any of the other artificial lymphs. Thus for the solutions we used, the presence of both potassium and chloride was required to elicit the swelling response to isosmotic artificial lymphs. There were some regional differences in the swelling response: the swelling of the endolymphatic surface of the tissue in a direction orthogonal to the basilar membrane surface was smaller on the free-standing region of the basilar papilla than either on the tectorial membrane or on the hyaline epithelial cells. The preparation was osmotically stable in AP and in both AE and AP solutions in which gluconate was substituted for chloride ions. After exposure to these solutions for as much as 300 min, the preparation showed no gross signs of deterioration visible with the light microscope, and continued to exhibit a highly specific osmotic response to the composition of the bathing medium.
在体外实验中研究了不同人工淋巴液对鳄蜥耳蜗管的影响。将耳蜗管解剖并固定在充满人工淋巴液的腔室的玻璃底部。去除前庭膜，使直径为1 - 5微米的乳胶珠沉降在耳蜗管的内淋巴表面。在用人工淋巴液灌注期间，测量珠子的位置并获取耳蜗管的视频图像。人工淋巴液为等渗溶液，包括人工内淋巴（AE）、人工外淋巴（AP）、Leibovitz's L - 15培养基、钙浓度与AP相同的AE溶液，以及用葡萄糖酸盐替代氯离子的AE和AP溶液。在AE中获得的结果与在其他淋巴液中的结果始终不同。珠子的位移、乳头的投影面积、泡的出现以及对耳蜗管中细胞的直接观察均表明，在AE中（含或不含2 mmol/l钙）组织肿胀，但在任何其他人工淋巴液中均未出现一致的收缩或肿胀。因此，对于我们使用的溶液，钾和氯的存在是引发对等渗人工淋巴液肿胀反应所必需的。肿胀反应存在一些区域差异：基底乳头独立区域内组织内淋巴表面垂直于基底膜表面方向的肿胀，比在盖膜或透明上皮细胞上的肿胀要小。该制剂在AP以及用葡萄糖酸盐替代氯离子的AE和AP溶液中渗透压稳定。在暴露于这些溶液长达300分钟后，该制剂在光学显微镜下未显示出明显的恶化迹象，并且继续对浴液介质的成分表现出高度特异性的渗透反应。
