Greenberg B, Tantawi T I
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.
J Med Entomol. 1993 Mar;30(2):481-4. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/30.2.481.
The minimum developmental rates of Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy) and Calliphora vomitoria (L.) were measured at four temperatures: 12.5, 23, 29, and 35 degrees C. Although both species are Holarctic in distribution and hemisynanthropic, there are important differences in the response of their developmental stages to various temperature regimes. The eggs and feeding larvae of P. terraenovae responded linearly to temperatures from 23 to 35 degrees C, but development was retarded at 12.5 degrees C. The feeding larvae took about 11 times longer to develop at 12.5 than at 23 degrees C, indicating poor cold adaptation. The converse is true of C. vomitoria, which took only 2 times as long at 12.5 than at 23 degrees C but failed to complete development at 29 and 35 degrees C. Our laboratory data and field studies of others suggest that, in nature, P. terraenovae and C. vomitoria prefer breeding in larger carcasses as a survival tactic and means of extending their distribution into colder regions.
在12.5、23、29和35摄氏度这四个温度下测量了新陆原伏蝇（Robineau-Desvoidy）和反吐丽蝇（L.）的最低发育速率。尽管这两个物种在分布上均为全北区且半同人共居，但它们发育阶段对不同温度 regime 的反应存在重要差异。新陆原伏蝇的卵和取食幼虫对23至35摄氏度的温度呈线性反应，但在12.5摄氏度时发育受阻。取食幼虫在12.5摄氏度下发育所需时间比在23摄氏度下长约11倍，表明其耐寒性较差。反吐丽蝇则相反，它在12.5摄氏度下发育所需时间仅为23摄氏度下的2倍，但在29和35摄氏度下无法完成发育。我们的实验室数据和其他人的野外研究表明，在自然环境中，新陆原伏蝇和反吐丽蝇倾向于在较大的尸体中繁殖，以此作为一种生存策略以及将其分布扩展到较寒冷地区的手段。
