Funk J B, Chessare J B, Weaver M T, Exley A R
Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
Pediatrics. 1993 Apr;91(4):816-9.
Given that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more impulsive than peers, this study explored whether they are correspondingly more creative, and whether creativity declines when impulsivity is decreased through methylphenidate (Ritalin) therapy. A repeated-measures quasi-experimental design was used to compare the performance of 19 boys with previously diagnosed ADHD and 21 comparison boys aged 8 through 11 on two administrations of alternate forms of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking-Figural (nonverbal). Boys with ADHD received prescribed methylphenidate only for the first session. Overall, mean Torrance summary scores for comparison boys (mean = 115.1, SD = 16.1) were higher than for boys with ADHD (mean = 107.6, SD = 12.7). However, the difference between means was small (7%) and did not meet the 25% criterion for a clinically significant difference. No changes in performance over time (comparison group) or medication state (ADHD group) were observed. These data suggest that, when measured nonverbally, the creative thinking performance of boys with ADHD is not superior to that of peers who do not have ADHD. Regarding the effects of methylphenidate, prescribed therapy did not influence performance on this measure of creative thinking.
鉴于患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童比同龄人更冲动，本研究探讨了他们是否相应地更具创造力，以及通过哌甲酯（利他林）治疗降低冲动性时创造力是否会下降。采用重复测量准实验设计，比较了19名先前被诊断患有ADHD的男孩和21名8至11岁的对照男孩在两次进行的不同形式的托兰斯创造性思维测验-图形（非言语）中的表现。患有ADHD的男孩仅在第一阶段接受规定剂量的哌甲酯。总体而言，对照男孩的托兰斯总分平均得分（平均值 = 115.1，标准差 = 16.1）高于患有ADHD的男孩（平均值 = 107.6，标准差 = 12.7）。然而，平均值之间的差异很小（7%），未达到具有临床显著差异的25%的标准。未观察到随时间（对照组）或药物状态（ADHD组）表现的变化。这些数据表明，以非言语方式测量时，患有ADHD的男孩的创造性思维表现并不优于没有ADHD的同龄人。关于哌甲酯的效果，规定的治疗并未影响这项创造性思维测量的表现。
