Friedenreich C M, Howe G R, Miller A B, Jain M G
National Cancer Institute of Canada Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Mar 1;137(5):512-20. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116704.
The association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk was examined in 519 newly incident, histologically confirmed cases of breast cancer diagnosed between 1982 and 1987 within a cohort of 56,837 women enrolled in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study. These women had completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire including alcohol consumption at enrollment into the study prior to their breast cancer diagnosis. For the total cohort, only a weak association between total alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk is observed, the adjusted relative risk for those drinking 30 or more g/day being 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.90) compared with nondrinkers. There is some evidence for a positive association in women who were premenopausal at the time of enrollment for whom there was a monotonic increase in risk with increasing alcohol intake. Compared with nondrinkers, the adjusted relative risk for alcohol consumption of between 0 and < 10 g of alcohol daily was 1.11 (95% CI 0.71-1.71), between 10 and < 20 g was 1.37 (95% CI 0.79-2.36), between 20 and < 30 g was 1.51 (95% CI 0.80-2.86), and > or = 30 g was 1.86 (95% CI 0.96-3.66; p (trend) = 0.07). These findings contrasted with the results for postmenopausal women where there appeared to be no evidence of any relation. The association in premenopausal women is generally reasonably consistent with that of other studies that have found positive associations with alcohol intake.
在参与加拿大国家乳腺筛查研究的56,837名女性队列中，对1982年至1987年间新确诊的519例组织学确诊乳腺癌病例进行了饮酒与乳腺癌风险之间关联的研究。这些女性在乳腺癌诊断之前，于入组研究时完成了一份自我填写的食物频率问卷，其中包括饮酒情况。对于整个队列，仅观察到总酒精摄入量与乳腺癌风险之间存在微弱关联，与不饮酒者相比，每日饮酒30克及以上者的校正相对风险为1.22（95%置信区间（CI）0.78 - 1.90）。有证据表明，入组时处于绝经前的女性存在正相关，即随着酒精摄入量增加风险呈单调上升。与不饮酒者相比，每日酒精摄入量在0至<10克之间的校正相对风险为1.11（95%CI 0.71 - 1.71），在10至<20克之间为1.37（95%CI 0.79 - 2.36），在20至<30克之间为1.51（95%CI 0.80 - 2.86），≥30克为1.86（95%CI 0.96 - 3.66；趋势p值 = 0.07）。这些发现与绝经后女性的结果形成对比，绝经后女性似乎没有任何关联的证据。绝经前女性中的这种关联总体上与其他发现酒精摄入量呈正相关的研究结果相当一致。
