Chapin-Robertson K
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, CT.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1993 Feb;16(2):173-84. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(93)90017-2.
This review describes and assesses the use of molecular assays for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Specifically, data from literature on currently available commercial systems as well as that of imminently to be released assay formats are presented. The focus is on evaluations of two molecular diagnostic techniques--hybridization and amplification for the direct detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci, GC)--the use of urine as a specimen for the diagnosis of these pathogens in humans, a confirmatory probe assay for GC, and finally the description of a hybridization assay for pathogens significant in vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis. Although viral pathogens are a significant part of the STD problem, and molecular techniques have been described for their identification, they are not being discussed here. With the exception of the Virapap DNA hybridization assay for human papillomavirus (Digene Diagnostic, Silver Spring, MD), suitable molecular clinical laboratory assays for viral detection have not been developed for genital samples.
本综述描述并评估了分子检测方法在性传播疾病（STD）诊断中的应用。具体而言，文中呈现了来自现有商业系统的文献数据以及即将推出的检测方法的数据。重点在于对两种分子诊断技术——杂交和扩增技术的评估，用于直接检测沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌（淋球菌，GC）；以尿液作为标本诊断人体中这些病原体的应用；针对GC的确认性探针检测；最后描述一种针对阴道炎和细菌性阴道病中重要病原体的杂交检测方法。尽管病毒病原体是性传播疾病问题的重要组成部分，且已有分子技术用于其鉴定，但本文对此不做讨论。除用于人乳头瘤病毒的Virapap DNA杂交检测方法（Digene诊断公司，马里兰州银泉市）外，尚未开发出适用于生殖器样本病毒检测的分子临床实验室检测方法。
