Watzl B, Watson R R
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1993 Jan;28(1):89-95.
Immunosuppression observed in chronic alcohol users is caused by multiple factors including the amount of alcohol consumed and alcohol-induced nutritional deficiencies. Investigators of the immunotoxic effects of ethanol (ETOH) frequently concentrate on the effects of ETOH and neglect nutrition as a confounding variable. This study investigated the immunotoxic effects of ETOH under variable dietary nutritional conditions. Mice were fed diets containing various levels of nutrients and ethanol for 7 weeks. Spleen cell number, and interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion were independent of the diet consumed, but were affected by consumption of ETOH. Body and spleen weights, and interferon-gamma secretion were modulated by ETOH as well as by diet. The results indicate that the nutritional composition of the diet consumed during concurrent administration of ETOH modulates the immunotoxic effects of chronic ETOH ingestion. We conclude that the levels of various nutrients in animal diets have to be planned and controlled carefully in order to identify directly the immunotoxic effects of ETOH.
在慢性酒精使用者中观察到的免疫抑制是由多种因素引起的，包括酒精摄入量和酒精引起的营养缺乏。乙醇（ETOH）免疫毒性作用的研究者常常专注于ETOH的作用，而忽视营养作为一个混杂变量。本研究调查了在不同饮食营养条件下ETOH的免疫毒性作用。给小鼠喂食含有不同营养水平和乙醇的饮食7周。脾细胞数量、白细胞介素-2和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）分泌与所摄入的饮食无关，但受ETOH摄入的影响。体重和脾脏重量以及γ-干扰素分泌受ETOH以及饮食的调节。结果表明，在同时给予ETOH期间所摄入饮食的营养成分调节慢性ETOH摄入的免疫毒性作用。我们得出结论，为了直接确定ETOH的免疫毒性作用，必须仔细规划和控制动物饮食中各种营养素的水平。
