Gedalia A, Brewer E J
Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, New Orleans.
J Rheumatol. 1993 Feb;20(2):371-4.
It has been well established that joint hypermobility may predispose children to the development of joint pain. Joint hypermobility represents an extreme variation of normal joint mobility with no underlying connective tissue diseases. Its prevalence among children varies from series to series. Evidence that there are differences between races and sexes exist. Joint hypermobility diminishes markedly throughout childhood and then more slowly during adult life. Although quantitative measurements in the assessment of joint hypermobility have been described, the criteria defined by Carter and Bird are preferred. Any subject who is able to perform 3 or more of the 5 maneuvers devised by these criteria was considered to have joint hypermobility. The mechanism in which joint symptoms develop is not well understood. Excessive motion or inappropriate physical activities that hyperextend the joint capsule, the ligaments and soft tissue constituent causing injury. These injuries are manifested by pain. The clinical features, prognosis and relevance to pediatric practice are discussed.
众所周知，关节过度活动可能使儿童易患关节疼痛。关节过度活动代表正常关节活动的一种极端变异，不存在潜在的结缔组织疾病。其在儿童中的患病率因系列研究而异。有证据表明不同种族和性别之间存在差异。关节过度活动在整个童年期显著减少，然后在成年期减少得更慢。虽然已经描述了评估关节过度活动的定量测量方法，但卡特和伯德定义的标准更受青睐。任何能够完成这些标准设计的5种动作中的3种或更多种的受试者被认为有关节过度活动。关节症状发展的机制尚不清楚。过度运动或不适当的体育活动会使关节囊、韧带和软组织成分过度伸展，从而导致损伤。这些损伤表现为疼痛。本文讨论了其临床特征、预后以及与儿科实践的相关性。
