Garrison R J, Gold R S, Wilson P W, Kannel W B
Field Studies and Biometry Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Prev Med. 1993 Jan;22(1):54-64. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1993.1004.
Efforts to control the continuing epidemic of coronary heart disease in the United States have been successful according to certain criteria, such as mortality, but by others, such as morbidity, the picture is less clear. Documenting whether various subgroups of the population have adopted healthier lifestyles that are likely to reduce coronary heart disease risk is essential to understanding the status of the epidemic and, most importantly, to formulating prevention and health education strategies that will ameliorate its effects.
The Framingham Offspring Study cohort participated in extensive health screening protocols to determine their cardiovascular risk. The 2,846 men and women who were between the ages of 25 and 64 years and who reported their educational attainment level are the subject of this report.
Both body mass index and cigarette smoking showed inverse relationships to educational attainment among both men and women, while reported vigorous leisure time physical activity showed a positive relationship to educational attainment. However, fitness levels as assessed by treadmill duration were directly related to educational attainment only the women. With the exception of total plasma cholesterol among women, all coronary heart disease risk factors had most adverse levels in the least educated study participants.
This study indicates that most components of the coronary heart disease risk profile show adverse levels in individuals with low educational attainment.
根据某些标准，如死亡率，美国在控制冠心病持续流行方面已取得成功，但从其他标准，如发病率来看，情况则不太明朗。记录不同人群亚组是否采取了可能降低冠心病风险的更健康生活方式，对于了解该流行病的现状至关重要，而最重要的是，对于制定能减轻其影响的预防和健康教育策略至关重要。
弗雷明汉后代研究队列参与了广泛的健康筛查方案以确定其心血管风险。本报告的研究对象是2846名年龄在25至64岁之间且报告了其教育程度的男性和女性。
男性和女性的体重指数及吸烟率均与教育程度呈负相关，而报告的剧烈休闲时间体力活动与教育程度呈正相关。然而，通过跑步机运动时长评估的健康水平仅与女性的教育程度直接相关。除女性的总血浆胆固醇外，所有冠心病风险因素在受教育程度最低的研究参与者中处于最不利水平。
本研究表明，在受教育程度低的个体中，冠心病风险概况的大多数组成部分都处于不利水平。
