Jamner L D, Shapiro D, Hui K K, Oakley M E, Lovett M
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine.
Psychosom Med. 1993 Mar-Apr;55(2):203-11. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199303000-00009.
This study examined the role of personality factors in differences between three methods of assessing blood pressure (clinic, self, ambulatory) in 45 patients with mild hypertension. The data were obtained after the patients were withdrawn from antihypertensive medications and had achieved stable clinic diastolic blood pressure levels of 95 to 110 mm Hg, averaged over three visits in 2 to 4 weeks. Significant differences were obtained in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) as a function of method of assessment. These differences in both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were associated with individual differences in the total score and several subscales of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (Assault, Resentment, Guilt), but not in anxiety, depression, or other characteristics. High hostile subjects had consistently high blood pressure values in both clinic, self, and ambulatory recordings. Low hostile subjects were significantly lower in self-recorded blood pressure readings taken at home and in ambulatory recordings, compared with clinic values. Implications of these findings for "white coat hypertension" are discussed.
本研究调查了45例轻度高血压患者中，人格因素在三种血压评估方法（诊室血压、自测血压、动态血压）差异方面所起的作用。这些数据是在患者停用抗高血压药物后获得的，且在2至4周内经过三次就诊，诊室舒张压稳定在95至110毫米汞柱。根据评估方法的不同，收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）出现了显著差异。收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）的这些差异与Buss-Durkee敌意量表总分及几个分量表（攻击、怨恨、内疚）的个体差异有关，但与焦虑、抑郁或其他特征无关。高敌意的受试者在诊室、自测和动态记录中的血压值一直都很高。与诊室测量值相比，低敌意受试者在家中自测血压读数和动态记录中的血压值显著更低。本文讨论了这些发现对“白大衣高血压”的意义。
