Farrar M A, Schreiber R D
Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
Annu Rev Immunol. 1993;11:571-611. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.11.040193.003035.
The last ten years have seen an explosive growth in our understanding of IFN gamma. The cloning of the cDNAs for IFN gamma and its receptor have made available large amounts of highly purified recombinant IFN gamma and soluble IFN gamma receptor. In addition, highly specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies have been generated to both of these proteins. Using these reagents, IFN gamma and the IFN gamma receptor have been characterized on a molecular basis. Structure-function studies carried out on these proteins have identified key molecular regions that are required for biologic activity. Moreover, a great deal is now known concerning the physiologic role that IFN gamma plays in vivo. In this review we focus on the new developments in the areas of IFN gamma biochemistry and biology and pay particular attention to the IFN gamma receptor and three aspects of IFN gamma biology that are of special interest to immunologists: host defense, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
在过去十年里，我们对γ干扰素的认识有了爆发式增长。γ干扰素及其受体的cDNA克隆使得大量高度纯化的重组γ干扰素和可溶性γ干扰素受体得以问世。此外，针对这两种蛋白质都已产生了高度特异性的中和单克隆抗体。利用这些试剂，已在分子水平上对γ干扰素和γ干扰素受体进行了表征。对这些蛋白质开展的结构-功能研究已确定了生物活性所需的关键分子区域。此外，目前对于γ干扰素在体内所起的生理作用也有了很多了解。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于γ干扰素生物化学和生物学领域的新进展，并特别关注γ干扰素受体以及免疫学家特别感兴趣的γ干扰素生物学的三个方面：宿主防御、炎症和自身免疫。
