Parish L C, Schwartzman R M
Department of Dermatology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
Semin Dermatol. 1993 Mar;12(1):57-64.
The zoonoses are those diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Although commonly thought to be infectious in origin such as scabies or dermatophytosis, inflammatory processes may also be zoonotic. Contact dermatitis may result from allergens being carried from animals to humans. Although the scabies mite is somewhat species specific, various mites sometimes have the opportunity of producing skin disease on man (ie, canine scabies, porcine scabies, and feline scabies [notoedric mange]); cheyletiellosis is caused by a similar mite, often found in rabbits. The index case of superficial fungal infections may be the household pet, whereas the cause of flea bite dermatitis (papular urticaria) may be the lack of an animal, resulting in the flea choosing a human for feeding. Understanding zoonotic skin diseases will improve the clinician's diagnostic skills. Both the human and animal patient will then receive more effective treatment in a quicker fashion.
人畜共患病是指那些从动物传播给人类的疾病。虽然通常认为其起源具有传染性,如疥疮或皮肤癣菌病,但炎症过程也可能是人畜共患的。接触性皮炎可能由从动物传播给人类的过敏原引起。虽然疥螨在某种程度上具有物种特异性,但各种螨虫有时也有机会在人类身上引发皮肤病(如犬疥螨、猪疥螨和猫疥螨[诺氏疥癣]);犬小孢子菌病由一种类似的螨虫引起,常见于兔子。浅表真菌感染的首例病例可能是家庭宠物,而跳蚤叮咬性皮炎(丘疹性荨麻疹)的病因可能是没有动物,导致跳蚤选择人类作为宿主。了解人畜共患皮肤病将提高临床医生的诊断技能。这样,人类和动物患者都能更快地接受更有效的治疗。