Mebrahtu Y B, Hendricks L D, Oster C N, Lawyer P G, Perkins P V, Pamba H, Koech D, Roberts C R
Kenya Medical Research Institute, University of Nairobi Faculty of Medicine.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Apr;48(4):530-5. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1993.48.530.
In the early 1930s, investigators of visceral leishmaniasis stated that Leishman-Donovan bodies are found in body fluids of kala-azar patients, for example, in urine, feces, semen, and nasal and pharyngeal secretions. Based on this finding, we investigated the diagnostic potential of nasal secretions, tonsillopharyngeal mucosal swabs, and urine centrifugates inoculated into Schneider's Drosophila Medium (containing antibiotics and antifungal agents) as well as with Giemsa-stained smears. Consequently, 64 randomly selected patients with visceral leishmaniasis from Kenya (59 who were splenic culture or Giemsa stain positive and five who were culture negative but Giemsa stain positive) were tested by three noninvasive methods. These tests were all performed before the patients were treated with Pentostam. Cultures of nasal and tonsillopharyngeal swabs and urine centrifugates produced 28 positive samples representing 24 patients (37.5%). Moreover, a set of 25 Giemsa-stained slide smears made from the nasal and tonsillopharyngeal mucosa of 25 patients with visceral leishmaniasis who had not tested positive in cultures produced nine positives. Therefore, the overall total of patients who tested positive by all of the above methods was 33 or 51.6%. The cryopreserved Leishmania isolates were characterized by cellulose acetate electrophoresis using 20 enzyme systems. The isoenzyme profiles produced by the parasites were represented in five different L. donovani s.l. zymodemes. Representatives of these isolates were also characterized by DNA Southern blotting analysis, which corroborated the isoenzyme results.
20世纪30年代初，内脏利什曼病的研究人员指出，利什曼-多诺万小体存在于黑热病患者的体液中，例如尿液、粪便、精液以及鼻腔和咽部分泌物中。基于这一发现，我们研究了接种到施耐德果蝇培养基（含抗生素和抗真菌剂）中的鼻腔分泌物、扁桃体咽黏膜拭子和尿液离心物以及吉姆萨染色涂片的诊断潜力。因此，对64例从肯尼亚随机选取的内脏利什曼病患者（59例脾培养或吉姆萨染色阳性，5例培养阴性但吉姆萨染色阳性）采用三种非侵入性方法进行检测。这些检测均在患者接受喷他脒治疗之前进行。鼻腔和扁桃体咽拭子以及尿液离心物培养产生了28个阳性样本，代表了24例患者（37.5%）。此外，对25例在内脏利什曼病患者的鼻腔和扁桃体咽黏膜制作的吉姆萨染色涂片进行检测，这些患者在培养中未检测出阳性，结果有9例呈阳性。因此，通过上述所有方法检测呈阳性的患者总数为33例，占51.6%。利用20种酶系统通过醋酸纤维素电泳对冷冻保存的利什曼原虫分离株进行了鉴定。寄生虫产生的同工酶谱可分为五个不同的杜氏利什曼原虫复合群酶型。这些分离株的代表还通过DNA Southern印迹分析进行了鉴定，这证实了同工酶分析结果。
