Ferreira F
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1117.
Psychol Rev. 1993 Apr;100(2):233-53. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.100.2.233.
Phrase-final words tend to be lengthened and followed by a pause. The dominant view of prosodic production is that word lengthening and pausing reflect the syntax of a sentence. The author demonstrates that, instead, lengthening and pausing reflect a distinctly prosodic representation, in which phonological constituents are arranged in a hierarchical, nonrecursive structure. Prosodic structure is created without knowledge of words' phonemic content. As a result, within a single sentential position, greater word lengthening necessitates shorter pauses, but across positions, word and pause durations show a positive correlation. The author presents a model of prosodic production that describes the process of prosodic encoding and provides a quantitative specification of the relation between word lengthening and pausing. This model has implications for studies of language production, comprehension, and development.
短语结尾的单词往往会被拉长，并伴有停顿。韵律生成的主流观点是，单词拉长和停顿反映了句子的句法结构。作者表明，相反，拉长和停顿反映了一种独特的韵律表征，其中音系成分以层次化、非递归的结构排列。韵律结构的创建无需了解单词的音素内容。因此，在单个句子位置内，单词拉长越多，停顿就越短，但在不同位置之间，单词和停顿的时长呈现正相关。作者提出了一个韵律生成模型，该模型描述了韵律编码的过程，并对单词拉长和停顿之间的关系进行了定量说明。该模型对语言生成、理解和发展的研究具有启示意义。
