Levin I, Crittenden L B, Dodgson J B
Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Genomics. 1993 Apr;16(1):224-30. doi: 10.1006/geno.1993.1163.
Commercially important traits of domestic animals have often been genetically linked to sex chromosomes, such as the Z chromosome of chickens. Using a backcross mapping population between two divergent, inbred lines and random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR markers, a genetic map of the chicken Z chromosome has been generated. Thirteen Z-linked RAPD markers were identified, mapped, and linked to two RFLPs and one phenotypic marker. The protocol used also generated RAPD markers for the W chromosome. The linkage distances obtained suggest that the RAPD markers are widely distributed throughout the Z chromosome and are likely to be linked to most or all traits of interest on this chromosome. The map provides a preliminary estimate of genetic to physical distance of about 0.5 Mb per centimorgan for the Z chromosome in chickens (male-specific recombination). A similar approach should be applicable to facilitate the mapping and analysis of sex-linked traits in other domestic animals.
家畜的重要商业性状常常与性染色体存在遗传关联，比如鸡的Z染色体。利用两个不同的近交系之间的回交作图群体以及随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）-PCR标记，构建了鸡Z染色体的遗传图谱。鉴定出13个Z连锁RAPD标记，对其进行了定位，并将它们与两个限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）标记和一个表型标记进行了连锁分析。所使用的实验方案还产生了W染色体的RAPD标记。获得的连锁距离表明，RAPD标记广泛分布于整个Z染色体，并且很可能与该染色体上大多数或所有感兴趣的性状连锁。该图谱对鸡Z染色体（雄性特异性重组）的遗传距离与物理距离进行了初步估算，约为每厘摩0.5兆碱基对。类似的方法应该适用于促进其他家畜性连锁性状的定位和分析。
