Pfeffer M, Jackson A, Ximenes J, de Menezes J P
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Feb;11(2):331-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.11.2.331.
At equivalent oral doses, cefadroxil has a longer serum half-life, slower urinary excretion rate, greater area under the serum level versus time curve than cephalexin or cephradine, and peak serum concentrations that are 75 to 80% those of cephalexin. The calculated, apparent in vivo volume of distribution of cefadroxil is greater than that of cephalexin. These properties infer greater persistence of cefadroxil in serum and urine and more prolonged in vivo bacterial exposure to cefadroxil than to cephalexin or cephradine. Neither cefadroxil nor cephalexin demonstrates drug accumulation on repeated administration. The serum levels achieved by cefadroxil are unaffected by food. The pharmacokinetic properties of cefadroxil are supportive of the development of clinical efficacy data which could indicate that cefadroxil could be administered at 12-h intervals.
在等效口服剂量下,头孢羟氨苄的血清半衰期更长,尿排泄速率更慢,血清浓度-时间曲线下面积比头孢氨苄或头孢拉定更大,血清峰值浓度为头孢氨苄的75%至80%。计算得出的头孢羟氨苄体内表观分布容积大于头孢氨苄。这些特性表明,与头孢氨苄或头孢拉定相比,头孢羟氨苄在血清和尿液中的持续时间更长,体内细菌接触头孢羟氨苄的时间也更长。头孢羟氨苄和头孢氨苄在重复给药时均未显示出药物蓄积。食物不影响头孢羟氨苄所达到的血清水平。头孢羟氨苄的药代动力学特性有助于临床疗效数据的建立,这可能表明头孢羟氨苄可以每12小时给药一次。