Sidhu J, Triggs E, Charles B, Tudehope D, Gray P, Cowley D
Department of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1993 Apr;29(2):113-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1993.tb00462.x.
The role of bioelectrical impedance (BI) in estimating the pharmacokinetics and, therefore, individualized doses, of aminophylline in preterm infants (gestational age 26-35 weeks) was assessed in a two-phase study. Multiple regression analysis in the first group of neonates (phase I, n = 19) identified resistance, reactance, weight and length as optimal predictors of distribution volume (adjusted R2 = 0.84, coefficient of variation (CV) = 10.17%), and length2/impedance and postconceptual age as predictors of clearance (adjusted R2 = 0.74, CV = 26.73%). Application of these models to an independent group (phase II, n = 20) generated doses which satisfactorily achieved target theophylline loading and steady-state (SS) 'peaks' of 10 micrograms/mL and SS 'troughs' of 7.7 +/- 0.6 micrograms/mL. A better understanding of specific criteria and limitations of the impedance technique in neonates is necessary in order to refine BI measurements.
在一项两阶段研究中，评估了生物电阻抗（BI）在估算早产儿（胎龄26 - 35周）氨茶碱药代动力学及个体化剂量方面的作用。对第一组新生儿（第一阶段，n = 19）进行的多元回归分析确定，电阻、电抗、体重和身长是分布容积的最佳预测指标（调整后R2 = 0.84，变异系数（CV）= 10.17%），身长²/阻抗和孕龄是清除率的预测指标（调整后R2 = 0.74，CV = 26.73%）。将这些模型应用于一个独立组（第二阶段，n = 20）得出的剂量能够令人满意地达到茶碱负荷目标以及稳态（SS）“峰值”10微克/毫升和SS“谷值”7.7±0.6微克/毫升。为了完善BI测量，有必要更好地了解新生儿阻抗技术的具体标准和局限性。
