Jindal S K
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research Chandigarh.
Indian J Med Res. 1993 Feb;98:20-6.
In view of the paucity of follow-up field studies on patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with respect to smoking habits and lung function assessment, we undertook re-evaluation of COPD subjects 10 yr later. Of 2825 urban and 1556 rural subjects studied earlier between 1977-80, we re-examined 846 (29.9%) and 629 (40.4%) subjects respectively in 1990. A questionnaire was filled and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured in each subject. Symptomatic subjects were grouped into chronic bronchitis, simple (CB, S) and obstructive (CB, AO). The overall prevalence of COPD was 5.0 per cent in male and 2.8 per cent in female subjects. Prevalence of both CB, S and CB, AO were higher in the smokers. In the non-smokers, CB, AO prevalence was similar in the two sexes, but CB, S was commoner in rural than urban women. This simple, hypersecretory disorder was attributed to their exposure to biomass fuel combustion. The fall in PEFR, was significantly higher in smokers than nonsmokers, and more so in the symptomatic subjects with CB, AO. It was concluded that though the overall trend of prevalence of COPD in different groups did not change over the period, those with an initial airways obstruction had deteriorated significantly more than those with normal initial PEFR.
鉴于针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者吸烟习惯和肺功能评估的随访实地研究较少，我们在10年后对COPD患者进行了重新评估。在1977 - 1980年间较早研究的2825名城市受试者和1556名农村受试者中，我们于1990年分别对846名（29.9%）和629名（40.4%）受试者进行了重新检查。为每位受试者填写了一份问卷，并测量了呼气峰值流速（PEFR）。有症状的受试者被分为慢性支气管炎，单纯型（CB，S）和阻塞型（CB，AO）。COPD的总体患病率在男性受试者中为5.0%，在女性受试者中为2.8%。吸烟者中CB，S和CB，AO的患病率均较高。在不吸烟者中，CB，AO的患病率在两性中相似，但CB，S在农村女性中比城市女性更常见。这种单纯的高分泌性疾病归因于她们接触生物质燃料燃烧。吸烟者的PEFR下降明显高于不吸烟者，在有症状的CB，AO受试者中更是如此。得出的结论是，尽管在此期间不同组中COPD患病率的总体趋势没有变化，但初始存在气道阻塞的患者比初始PEFR正常的患者恶化得更明显。
