Miller G Y, Bartlett P C, Lance S E, Anderson J, Heider L E
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Apr 15;202(8):1230-6.
A stratified random sample of 50 Ohio dairy herds, monitored for 1 year between March 1988 and May 1989, was used to estimate the component costs of clinical mastitis per cow-year overall and by organism, the component costs of an episode of clinical mastitis overall and by organism, and the incidence of clinical mastitis by organism. Each herd was visited monthly by a veterinarian who conducted on-farm interviews and completed standardized data-collection forms designed to elicit economic information about the on-farm costs of clinical mastitis and mastitis prevention. Producers collected milk samples prior to treatment of clinical mastitis cases. Culturing methods allowed identification of 18 specific mastitis pathogen classifications. Annual costs estimated were on a per cow-year and clinical episode basis. The monthly mean population of cows monitored was 4,068. Mastitis prevention cost $14.50/cow-year, whereas the cost incurred by producers because of clinical cases of mastitis was $37.91. Organisms prevalent in the cows' environment caused the most costly types of mastitis. Disregarding contaminated samples and episodes for which no milk samples were taken, mastitis for which 2 organisms were isolated accounted for 35.5% of costs of clinical mastitis, followed by cases for which Escherichia coli (21.3%) was isolated, cases for which culturing yielded no growth (8.6%), and cases for which esculin-positive Streptococcus spp (6.4%), Klebsiella spp (5.7%), esculin-negative CAMP-negative Streptococcus spp (5.1%), Enterobacter spp (4.8%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp (4.1%), coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp (3.0%), S agalactiae (2.5%), and Bacillus spp (1.2%) were isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
1988年3月至1989年5月期间，对50个俄亥俄州奶牛群进行了为期1年的分层随机抽样监测，以估计每头奶牛每年临床乳腺炎的组成成本（总体及按病原体分类）、临床乳腺炎发作的组成成本（总体及按病原体分类）以及按病原体分类的临床乳腺炎发病率。每位兽医每月走访每个牛群，进行农场访谈并填写标准化数据收集表，旨在获取有关临床乳腺炎和乳腺炎预防的农场成本的经济信息。生产者在治疗临床乳腺炎病例之前采集牛奶样本。培养方法可识别18种特定的乳腺炎病原体分类。估计的年度成本是按每头奶牛每年和每次临床发作计算的。监测的奶牛月平均数量为4068头。乳腺炎预防成本为每头奶牛每年14.50美元，而生产者因临床乳腺炎病例产生的成本为37.91美元。奶牛环境中普遍存在的病原体导致了最昂贵的乳腺炎类型。不考虑受污染的样本和未采集牛奶样本的发作情况，分离出2种病原体的乳腺炎占临床乳腺炎成本的35.5%，其次是分离出大肠杆菌（21.3%）的病例、培养无生长的病例（8.6%）以及分离出七叶苷阳性链球菌属（6.4%）、克雷伯菌属（5.7%）、七叶苷阴性CAMP阴性链球菌属（5.1%）、肠杆菌属（4.8%）、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌属（4.1%）、凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌属（3.0%）、无乳链球菌（2.5%）和芽孢杆菌属（1.2%）的病例。（摘要截至于250字）
