Rees L, Wass J
St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London.
BMJ. 1993 Jan 23;306(6872):258-61. doi: 10.1136/bmj.306.6872.258.
Pressures from students and teachers, from professional bodies, and from changes in the way health care is delivered are all forcing a rethink of how medical students should be taught. These pressures may be more intense in London but are not confined to it. The recommendation the Tomlinson report advocates that has been generally welcomed is for more investment in primary care in London. General practitioners have much to teach medical schools about effective ways of learning, but incentives for teaching students in general practice are currently low, organising such teaching is difficult and needs resources, and resistance within traditional medical school hierarchies needs to be overcome. Likewise, students value learning within local communities, but the effort demanded of public health departments and community organisations is great at a time when they are under greater pressure than ever before. The arguments over research that favour concentration in four multifaculty schools are less clear cut for undergraduate education, where personal support for students is important. An immediate concern is that the effort demanded for reorganising along the lines suggested by Tomlinson will not leave medical schools much energy for innovating.
来自学生、教师、专业团体的压力,以及医疗保健提供方式的变化,都促使人们重新思考应该如何教授医学生。这些压力在伦敦可能更为强烈,但并不局限于此。汤姆林森报告所倡导的建议受到了普遍欢迎,即加大对伦敦初级医疗保健的投资。全科医生在有效学习方法方面有很多可以传授给医学院的内容,但目前在全科医疗中教授学生的激励措施不足,组织此类教学困难且需要资源,同时还需要克服传统医学院等级制度内部的阻力。同样,学生重视在当地社区学习,但在公共卫生部门和社区组织面临前所未有的更大压力之际,他们为此所需付出的努力也很大。对于本科教育而言,支持学生个人发展很重要,因此支持集中在四所多学科学校进行研究的观点就不那么明确了。当前一个令人担忧的问题是,按照汤姆林森所建议的方式进行重组所需付出的努力,会让医学院没有多少精力进行创新。