Klin C M, Myers J L
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1993 May;19(3):554-60. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.19.3.554.
An on-line word naming probe was used to test whether information presented earlier in a text, and then backgrounded by several sentences, would be reinstated when Ss were required to understand the cause of a currently processed action or event. In Experiment 1, Ss named a probe word that represented an earlier-mentioned cause more quickly when it followed a causal coherence break than when it followed a neutral sentence. Experiments 2 and 3 replicated this effect and examined 2 conditions that may affect the process of reinstating a cause: (a) Inclusion of part of the context in which the cause was originally presented was not necessary to obtain reinstatement of the cause and (b) reinstatement of the cause was not evidenced when it had been disconfirmed earlier in the text.
使用在线单词命名探测任务来测试文本中较早呈现的信息，在被几个句子作为背景信息之后，当要求被试理解当前所处理动作或事件的原因时，该信息是否会被恢复。在实验1中，当探测词代表一个较早提及的原因时，被试在因果连贯中断后命名该探测词的速度比在中性句子后更快。实验2和实验3重复了这一效应，并考察了可能影响原因恢复过程的两个条件：（a）恢复原因时，无需包含原因最初呈现时的部分上下文；（b）如果文本中较早时已对该原因进行了否定，那么该原因不会被恢复。
