Moerman C J, Bueno de Mesquita H B, Runia S
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Apr;22(2):207-14. doi: 10.1093/ije/22.2.207.
Although gallstones and obesity are important risk factors for biliary tract cancer, the relation between diet and this type of cancer has not been studied in detail. Between 1984 and 1988 we conducted a case-control study of 111 cases of biliary tract cancer and 480 controls from the general population. Food intake was assessed by means of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Estimates of the total energy intake and the intake of macronutrients were obtained from the patients and controls themselves (direct respondents) or from relatives (indirect respondents). The major finding is that the risk associated with the intake of sugars (i.e. the combined intake of monosaccharides and disaccharides), independent of other sources of energy, is more than doubled for indirect respondents and for both respondent groups combined. A biological explanation for the fact that the intake of sugars may be a risk factor for biliary tract cancer might be based on the relationships between sugar, blood lipids and gallstone formation.
尽管胆结石和肥胖是胆道癌的重要危险因素，但饮食与这类癌症之间的关系尚未得到详细研究。1984年至1988年间，我们对111例胆道癌病例和480名来自普通人群的对照者进行了一项病例对照研究。通过半定量食物频率问卷评估食物摄入量。总能量摄入量和常量营养素摄入量的估计值是从患者和对照者本人（直接应答者）或其亲属（间接应答者）处获得的。主要发现是，与糖（即单糖和双糖的总摄入量）的摄入量相关的风险，在不考虑其他能量来源的情况下，间接应答者以及两组应答者合并后的风险增加了一倍多。糖的摄入量可能是胆道癌的一个危险因素，这一事实的生物学解释可能基于糖、血脂与胆结石形成之间的关系。
