Pulvirenti L, Koob G F
Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1993 May;8(3):213-8. doi: 10.1038/npp.1993.23.
Withdrawal from chronic use of psychostimulant drugs in humans induces a clinical syndrome characterized by fatigue, psychomotor depression, anhedonia, and disturbances of sleep. Spontaneous locomotor activity and catalepsy were assessed in rats during withdrawal from a schedule of intravenous self-administration of high doses of amphetamine. At 2 and 4 days after cessation of amphetamine self-administration, rats showed a state of psychomotor retardation as measured by reduction of locomotor activity and increased catalepsy. In search of a possible pharmacologic means of intervention for such behavioral changes, the effect of repeated treatment with the nonaddictive ergot derivative lisuride during the withdrawal phase was evaluated. At a dose devoid of any effects on locomotor activity, lisuride completely prevented the reduction in locomotor activity and the increase in catalepsy produced by amphetamine withdrawal. These results suggest the need for further studies on lisuride as a possible novel treatment during withdrawal from psychostimulant drugs in humans.
人类长期使用精神兴奋药物后停药会引发一种临床综合征，其特征为疲劳、精神运动性抑制、快感缺失和睡眠障碍。在大鼠从高剂量苯丙胺静脉自我给药方案中撤药期间，对其自发运动活动和僵住症进行了评估。在停止苯丙胺自我给药后的第2天和第4天，大鼠表现出精神运动迟缓状态，这通过运动活动减少和僵住症增加来衡量。为了寻找针对此类行为变化的可能药物干预手段，评估了在撤药阶段重复使用非成瘾性麦角衍生物利舒脲的效果。在对运动活动无任何影响的剂量下，利舒脲完全预防了苯丙胺撤药所导致的运动活动减少和僵住症增加。这些结果表明，有必要进一步研究利舒脲作为人类精神兴奋药物撤药期间可能的新治疗方法。
