Reuss J, Rettenmaier G
Medizinische Klinik, Kreiskrankenkaus Böblingen.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1993 May 29;123(21):1049-58.
Transabdominal ultrasound renders complete imaging of the pancreas possible in 90% of cases. Ultrasound is very sensitive in diagnosing acute pancreatitis. Peripancreatic edema and fatty necrosis are both hypoechoic and cannot be differentiated by ultrasound but by dynamic computed tomography. Complications of pancreatitis and biliary obstruction in the case of biliary acute pancreatitis are well detectable. Focal dense parenchymal echoes and an irregularly dilated pancreatic duct are characteristic of chronic pancreatitis. Biliary and duodenal obstruction, portal vein thrombosis and pseudocysts as complications of chronic pancreatitis are clearly demonstrable by ultrasound. Pancreatic ductal carcinomas of more than 10 mm in diameter can be detected with a high degree of accuracy. Resectability can be judged reliably.
经腹超声检查在90%的病例中能够对胰腺进行完整成像。超声对急性胰腺炎的诊断非常敏感。胰腺周围水肿和脂肪坏死在超声下均表现为低回声，无法通过超声进行区分，而需借助动态计算机断层扫描。在胆源性急性胰腺炎的情况下，胰腺炎和胆道梗阻的并发症均可被很好地检测到。局灶性实质回声增强和胰管不规则扩张是慢性胰腺炎的特征。超声能够清晰显示慢性胰腺炎的并发症，如胆道和十二指肠梗阻、门静脉血栓形成及假性囊肿。直径超过10毫米的胰腺导管癌能够被高度准确地检测到。可切除性也能得到可靠判断。
