Tjønneland A, Skov T, Mellemgaard A
Danish Cancer Society, Division for Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen.
APMIS Suppl. 1993;33:137-48.
The 15,160 males and females diagnosed with kidney cancer in Denmark in the period 1943-87, and eligible for inclusion were covered in the analysis. Crude and relative five-year survival from this cancer has improved with calendar time, especially for men. For patients diagnosed in 1943-47, the relative five-year survival was 18% for men and 29% for women; for those diagnosed in 1983-87, it had improved to 35 and 36%, respectively. Patients with localized tumours at the time of diagnosis had a more favourable prognosis than those with disseminated disease, with a five-year survival of 51% for men and 53% for women; people of each sex with metastatic disease had a five-year survival of only 3%. Treatment of kidney cancer throughout the period was surgical removal of the kidney and lymph nodes. The moderate improvement in survival seen with calendar time may be due to better, more efficient surgical techniques. The 32,701 patients diagnosed with cancer of the urinary bladder in 1943-87 and included in the study experienced a marked improvement in crude five-year survival: for both men and women, from 24% for patients diagnosed in 1943-47 to 47% for those diagnosed in 1983-87. Patients whose tumours were localized at the time of diagnosis in 1978-87 had a more favourable prognosis, with survival after 10 years of 36% (men) and 43% (women), than patients with metastatic disease with 10-year survival of less than 1% (men and women). The treatment of bladder tumours underwent a number of changes during the study period. The improvement in survival with calendar time may be due to more efficient treatment, although registration artefacts cannot be excluded.
1943年至1987年期间在丹麦被诊断为肾癌且符合纳入条件的15160名男性和女性纳入了分析。这种癌症的粗五年生存率和相对五年生存率随时间推移有所提高，尤其是男性。对于1943年至1947年诊断出的患者，男性的相对五年生存率为18%，女性为29%；对于1983年至1987年诊断出的患者，分别提高到了35%和36%。诊断时肿瘤局限的患者预后比播散性疾病患者更有利，男性五年生存率为51%，女性为53%；各性别有转移疾病的患者五年生存率仅为3%。在此期间肾癌的治疗方法是手术切除肾脏和淋巴结。随时间推移生存率的适度提高可能归因于更好、更有效的手术技术。1943年至1987年被诊断为膀胱癌并纳入研究的32701名患者的粗五年生存率有显著提高：男性和女性均从1943年至1947年诊断出的患者的24%提高到1983年至1987年诊断出的患者的47%。1978年至1987年诊断时肿瘤局限的患者预后更有利，10年后生存率男性为36%，女性为43%，而有转移疾病的患者10年生存率低于1%（男性和女性）。在研究期间膀胱肿瘤的治疗发生了一些变化。随时间推移生存率的提高可能归因于更有效的治疗，尽管不能排除登记假象。
