Pascarelli E F, Kella J J
Kathryn and Gilbert Miller Health Care Institute for Performing Artists, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY 10019.
J Occup Med. 1993 May;35(5):522-32.
We studied 53 disabled keyboard operators who complained of pain in the forearms, elbows, wrists, shoulders, and hands. Passive wrist flexion and dorsiflexion impairment to less than 70 degrees due to myofascial shortening associated with an increase in forearm muscle pain on palpation was a useful clinical indicator of injury. Isometric muscle testing was useful in detecting injury to specific muscles. Ligamentous hypermobility of finger joints (72%) and harmful inefficient keyboard styles (intrinsic ergonomic factors) were noted, videotaped, and analyzed. Changes in the workstation (extrinsic ergonomic factors) alone may not be adequate treatment. Individual intrinsic ergonomic factors must also be recognized, addressed, and corrected by a combination of physical therapy, conditioning, technique retraining, education, and counseling. A taxonomy of keyboard technique is proposed as an aid to recognizing potentially harmful postures.
我们研究了53名残疾键盘操作员，他们抱怨前臂、肘部、手腕、肩膀和手部疼痛。由于肌筋膜缩短导致被动腕关节屈伸功能障碍小于70度，且触诊时前臂肌肉疼痛加剧，这是一个有用的损伤临床指标。等长肌肉测试有助于检测特定肌肉的损伤。记录并分析了手指关节韧带活动过度（72%）和有害低效的键盘使用方式（内在人体工程学因素）。仅改变工作环境（外在人体工程学因素）可能不足以治疗。还必须识别、处理并通过物理治疗、体能训练、技术再培训、教育和咨询相结合的方式纠正个体内在人体工程学因素。提出了一种键盘技术分类法，以帮助识别潜在有害的姿势。
