Ozbolt J G, Graves J R
University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville.
Nurs Clin North Am. 1993 Jun;28(2):407-25.
Current research in clinical nursing informatics is proceeding along three important dimensions: (1) identifying and defining nursing's language and structuring its data; (2) understanding clinical judgment and how computer-based systems can facilitate and not replace it; and (3) discovering how well-designed systems can transform nursing practice. A number of efforts are underway to find and use language that accurately represents nursing and that can be incorporated into computer-based information systems. These efforts add to understanding nursing problems, interventions, and outcomes, and provide the elements for databases from which nursing's costs and effectiveness can be studied. Research on clinical judgment focuses on how nurses (perhaps with different levels of expertise) assess patient needs, set goals, and plan and deliver care, as well as how computer-based systems can be developed to aid these cognitive processes. Finally, investigators are studying not only how computers can help nurses with the mechanics and logistics of processing information but also and more importantly how access to informatics tools changes nursing care.
（1）识别并定义护理领域的语言，构建其数据；（2）理解临床判断以及基于计算机的系统如何促进而不是取代它；（3）探索设计良好的系统如何改变护理实践。目前正在进行多项工作，以寻找并使用能够准确代表护理领域且可纳入基于计算机的信息系统的语言。这些工作有助于加深对护理问题、干预措施和结果的理解，并为数据库提供元素，据此可以研究护理的成本和效果。关于临床判断的研究重点在于护士（或许具有不同专业水平）如何评估患者需求、设定目标、规划并提供护理，以及如何开发基于计算机的系统来辅助这些认知过程。最后，研究人员不仅在研究计算机如何帮助护士处理信息的机制和后勤工作，更重要的是，获取信息学工具如何改变护理服务。
