Bronner-Fraser M
Developmental Biology Center, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Bioessays. 1993 Apr;15(4):221-30. doi: 10.1002/bies.950150402.
Neural crest cells are remarkable in their extensive and stereotypic patterns of migration. The pathways of neural crest migration have been documented by cell marking techniques, including interspecific neural tube grafts, immunocytochemistry and DiI-labelling. In the trunk, neural crest cells migrate dorsally under the skin or ventrally through the somites, where they move in a segmental fashion through the rostral half of each sclerotome. The segmental migration of neural crest cells appears to be prescribed by the somites, perhaps by an inhibitory cue from the caudal half. Within the rostral sclerotome, neural crest cells fill the available space except for a region around the notochord, suggesting the notochord may inhibit neural crest cells in its vicinity. In the cranial region, antibody perturbation experiments suggest that multiple cell-matrix interactions are required for proper in vivo migration of neural crest cells. Neural crest cells utilize integrin receptors to bind to a number of extracellular matrix molecules. Substrate selective inhibition of neural crest cell attachment in vitro by integrin antibodies and antisense oligonucleotides has demonstrated that they possess at least three integrins, one being an alpha 1 beta 1 integrin which functions in the absence of divalent cations. Thus, neural crest cells utilize complex sets of interactions which may differ at different axial levels.
神经嵴细胞在其广泛且刻板的迁移模式方面非常显著。神经嵴迁移的路径已通过细胞标记技术记录下来，包括种间神经管移植、免疫细胞化学和DiI标记。在躯干中，神经嵴细胞在皮肤下方背向迁移，或者通过体节腹向迁移，在体节中它们以节段性方式穿过每个硬骨节的头侧半部分。神经嵴细胞的节段性迁移似乎由体节规定，可能是来自尾侧半部分的抑制性信号所致。在头侧硬骨节内，神经嵴细胞填充了除脊索周围区域之外的可用空间，这表明脊索可能抑制其附近的神经嵴细胞。在颅部区域，抗体干扰实验表明，神经嵴细胞在体内的正常迁移需要多种细胞 - 基质相互作用。神经嵴细胞利用整合素受体与多种细胞外基质分子结合。整合素抗体和反义寡核苷酸在体外对神经嵴细胞附着的底物选择性抑制表明，它们至少拥有三种整合素，其中一种是在没有二价阳离子的情况下起作用的α1β1整合素。因此，神经嵴细胞利用复杂的相互作用组合，这些组合在不同的轴向水平可能有所不同。
