Ward B J, Griffin D E
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993 May;67(2):171-7. doi: 10.1006/clin.1993.1061.
Immunization with live measles virus vaccine produces transient depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test responses and mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation irrespective of the serostatus of the recipient of the vaccine. To investigate this immune suppression further we studied peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from adults before (N = 17) and at various times after (N = 34) immunization with measles virus vaccine. PHA-induced lymphoproliferation was decreased after vaccine and this was partly reversed by supplementation with rIL-2. There was no change in the proportion of PBMC that were CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells, or B cells as analyzed by flow cytometry. Supernatant fluids were collected from PBMC after 72 hr in culture. Analysis for cytokines after vaccination showed spontaneous production of high levels of IL-4 (vaccinees 99 +/- 23; controls 5.6 +/- 5.6 ng/ml, P = 0.031) and TNF alpha (vaccinees 140 +/- 45; controls 42 +/- 14 pg/ml, P = 0.072) accompanied by low levels of IFN-gamma (vaccinees 1.3 +/- 0.6; controls 14.3 +/- 10.1 U/ml), IL-1 alpha (vaccinees 111 +/- 22; controls 442 +/- 107 pg/ml, P = 0.0001), and PGE2 (vaccinees 75 +/- 39; controls 300 +/- 72 pg/ml, P = 0.048). Increased amounts of IL-4 were also produced after stimulation with PHA (vaccinees 140 +/- 25; controls 40 +/- 40 ng/ml, P = 0.013) while levels of IFN-gamma and soluble IL-2 receptor were similar to controls and levels of IL-1 alpha (vaccinees 443 +/- 67; controls 792 +/- 118 pg/ml, P = 0.026) remained low. Addition of rIL-2 had little effect on these cytokine levels. These data suggest that Th2 cells producing IL-4 are preferentially activated by measures vaccine and may contribute to the immunologic abnormalities associated with immunization for measles and possibly other viral infections.
用麻疹病毒活疫苗免疫会导致迟发型超敏反应（DTH）皮肤试验反应和丝裂原诱导的淋巴细胞增殖出现短暂性抑制，无论疫苗接种者的血清状态如何。为了进一步研究这种免疫抑制作用，我们对17名成年人接种麻疹病毒疫苗前以及34名成年人接种疫苗后的不同时间点的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）进行了研究。接种疫苗后PHA诱导的淋巴细胞增殖减少，补充rIL-2可部分逆转这种情况。通过流式细胞术分析，PBMC中CD4 + T细胞、CD8 + T细胞、NK细胞或B细胞的比例没有变化。培养72小时后从PBMC中收集上清液。疫苗接种后细胞因子分析显示自发产生高水平的IL-4（接种者99±23；对照组5.6±5.6 ng/ml，P = 0.031）和TNFα（接种者140±45；对照组42±14 pg/ml，P = 0.072），同时伴有低水平的IFN-γ（接种者1.3±0.6；对照组14.3±10.1 U/ml）、IL-1α（接种者111±22；对照组442±107 pg/ml，P = 0.0001）和PGE2（接种者75±39；对照组300±72 pg/ml，P = 0.048）。PHA刺激后也产生了增加量的IL-4（接种者140±25；对照组40±40 ng/ml，P = 0.013），而IFN-γ和可溶性IL-2受体水平与对照组相似，IL-1α水平（接种者443±67；对照组792±118 pg/ml，P = 0.026）仍然较低。添加rIL-2对这些细胞因子水平影响不大。这些数据表明，产生IL-4的Th2细胞优先被麻疹疫苗激活，可能与麻疹免疫以及可能的其他病毒感染相关的免疫异常有关。
