Yoshizawa T, Jin Y Z
Department of Bioresource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Japan.
Food Addit Contam. 1995 Sep-Oct;12(5):689-94. doi: 10.1080/02652039509374358.
Thirty-four samples of domestic wheat and barley grains, collected from eight prefectures of different locations in Japan and previously determined to be positive for deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and/or zearalenone (ZEA), were analysed for acetylated derivatives of DON and NIV by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition to DON and NIV, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) and 4-acetylnivalenol (4-ANIV) were found in 25, 4 and 14 samples, respectively. A regional difference in the DON and NIV contamination of Japanese wheat and barley was suggested: DON was the major trichothecene in the northern district and NIV in the central districts, whereas in the southern districts the DON level was similar to or slightly higher than the NIV level. 3-ADON occurred together with DON in almost all prefectures examined, whereas 15-ADON was found only in samples from northern districts. In addition, a high correlation (r = 0.974, n = 23) between levels of DON and its acetates (3-ADON and 15-ADON) was noted. These results may also suggest the possibility of a geographic difference in the distribution of different chemotypes of Fusarium species producing these trichothecenes in Japan.
从日本不同地区的八个县采集了34份国产小麦和大麦籽粒样本，这些样本先前已被确定脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）和/或玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）呈阳性，采用气相色谱 - 质谱法对DON和NIV的乙酰化衍生物进行了分析。除DON和NIV外，分别在25份、4份和14份样本中检测到3 - 乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（3 - ADON）、15 - 乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（15 - ADON）和4 - 乙酰雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（4 - ANIV）。结果表明日本小麦和大麦中DON和NIV污染存在区域差异：DON是北部地区主要的单端孢霉烯族毒素，中部地区是NIV，而在南部地区DON水平与NIV水平相近或略高。在几乎所有检测的县中3 - ADON与DON同时出现，而15 - ADON仅在北部地区的样本中发现。此外，还注意到DON及其醋酸酯（3 - ADON和15 - ADON）水平之间存在高度相关性（r = 0.974，n = 23）。这些结果也可能表明在日本产生这些单端孢霉烯族毒素的镰刀菌不同化学型的分布存在地理差异。
