Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Neuropharmacology. 2020 Oct 15;177:108162. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108162. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
The popularity of e-cigarettes has skyrocketed in recent years, and most vapers use flavored e-cigarette products. Consumption of flavored e-cigarettes exceeds that of combustible cigarettes and other tobacco products among adolescents, who are particularly vulnerable to becoming nicotine dependent. Flavorings have been used by the tobacco industry since the 17th century, but the use of flavors by the e-cigarette industry to create products with "characterizing" flavors (i.e. flavors other than tobacco or menthol) has sparked a public health debate. This review addresses the possibility that characterizing flavors make nicotine more appealing, rewarding and addictive. It also discusses ways in which preclinical and clinical studies could improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which flavors may alter nicotine reward and reinforcement. This article is part of the special issue on 'Contemporary Advances in Nicotine Neuropharmacology'.
近年来，电子烟的普及呈爆炸式增长，大多数电子烟使用者都使用调味电子烟产品。在青少年中，调味电子烟的消费超过了可燃香烟和其他烟草制品，而青少年特别容易对尼古丁产生依赖。自 17 世纪以来，调味剂就一直被烟草行业使用，但电子烟行业使用调味剂来制造具有“特征”味道的产品（即除烟草或薄荷醇以外的味道）引发了一场公共卫生辩论。这篇综述探讨了特征味道是否使尼古丁更具吸引力、更有回报和更具成瘾性的可能性。它还讨论了临床前和临床研究如何能够增进我们对口味可能改变尼古丁奖赏和强化作用的机制的理解。本文是“当代尼古丁神经药理学进展”特刊的一部分。
