Bodfish J W, Crawford T W, Powell S B, Parker D E, Golden R N, Lewis M H
Department of Psychology, Western Carolina Center, Morganton 28655, USA.
Am J Ment Retard. 1995 Sep;100(2):183-92.
A variety of conceptual similarities between compulsions seen in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and stereotypy and self-injury seen in individuals with mental retardation led us to investigate the prevalence, phenomenology, and comorbidity of compulsions in adults with severe or profound mental retardation. We developed simple assessment screening instruments for stereotypy and self-injury and used Gedye's Compulsive Behavior Checklist and found acceptable levels of reliability, stability, and validity for each instrument. Prevalences were as follows: stereotypy: 60.9%; self-injury: 46.6%; and compulsion: 40%. The occurrence of compulsions was significantly positively associated with the occurrence of stereotypy, self-injury, and stereotypy plus self-injury.
强迫症患者身上出现的强迫行为与智力障碍患者身上出现的刻板行为和自我伤害之间存在多种概念上的相似之处，这促使我们去调查重度或极重度智力障碍成年人中强迫行为的患病率、现象学及共病情况。我们开发了针对刻板行为和自我伤害的简易评估筛查工具，并使用了格迪的强迫行为检查表，发现每种工具都具有可接受的信度、稳定性和效度水平。患病率如下：刻板行为：60.9%；自我伤害：46.6%；强迫行为：40%。强迫行为的发生与刻板行为、自我伤害以及刻板行为加自我伤害的发生显著正相关。
