Groneck P, Speer C P
Pädiatrische Klinik, Kinderkrankenhaus der Stadt Köln.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 1995 Sep-Oct;199(5):181-9.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia of preterm infants has a multifactorial etiology. Pulmonary immaturity, oxygen toxicity, formation of oxygen radicals and mechanical lung trauma as well as additional factors (pulmonary hyperhydration, infection a.o.) may contribute to pulmonary damage. A pulmonary inflammatory reaction is thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease. It is characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells and various inflammatory mediators including proteases, chemoattractants, cytokines, leukotrienes and others. Due to the immaturity of several protective systems (antiproteases, antioxidants, surfactant system) the inflammatory response seems to be aggravated. Moreover, the magnitude and persistence of inflammation may eventually lead to pulmonary fibrosis.
早产儿支气管肺发育不良具有多因素病因。肺不成熟、氧中毒、氧自由基形成、机械性肺损伤以及其他因素（如肺过度水化、感染等）可能导致肺损伤。肺部炎症反应被认为在慢性肺病的发病机制中起核心作用。其特征是存在炎症细胞和各种炎症介质，包括蛋白酶、趋化因子、细胞因子、白三烯等。由于几种保护系统（抗蛋白酶、抗氧化剂、表面活性剂系统）不成熟，炎症反应似乎会加重。此外，炎症的程度和持续时间最终可能导致肺纤维化。
