Kristal-Boneh E, Harari G, Green M S, Ribak J
Occupational Health and Rehabilitation Institute, Raanana, Israel.
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Nov;52(11):715-21. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.11.715.
The effect of indoor temperature control on summer and winter ambulatory blood pressure levels at work was studied.
Ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were monitored once in summer and once in winter in 101 healthy normotensive subjects aged 28-63 years, engaged in similar physical work, from two plants with and three without air conditioning. Subjects were interviewed about health related habits, and measurements of environmental and occupational conditions were obtained.
After controlling for possible confounders, mean SBP and DBP during work were significantly higher in winter than in summer (delta SBP = 3.4 mm Hg, P = 0.035; delta DBP = 3.3 mm Hg, P < 0.003). The seasonal change in SBP and DBP showed an independent association with the presence or absence of air conditioning of the industrial plants (SBP: beta = 0.194, P < 0.0001; DBP: beta = 0.054, P = 0.038). The percentage of subjects with increases of more than 10 mm Hg from summer to winter was higher in plants without than with air conditioning.
(1) In normotensive subjects ambulatory working BP varies by season, with higher values in winter. If validated for hypertensive subjects, it may be necessary to tailor drug treatment to these variations. (2) The findings make it clear that drawing valid conclusions from comparisons of BPs between groups requires controlling for several factors, particularly season of the year. (3) Climatic conditions in the industrial plant influence the magnitude of seasonal variations in BP. Work in plants without air conditioning places a considerable added load on the employee's cardiovascular system.
研究室内温度控制对夏季和冬季工作时动态血压水平的影响。
对101名年龄在28 - 63岁、从事类似体力工作的健康血压正常受试者进行研究，其中来自两家有空调工厂和三家无空调工厂。在夏季和冬季分别对受试者的动态收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）进行一次监测。询问受试者与健康相关的习惯，并获取环境和职业状况的测量数据。
在控制了可能的混杂因素后，工作期间的平均SBP和DBP冬季显著高于夏季（ΔSBP = 3.4 mmHg，P = 0.035；ΔDBP = 3.3 mmHg，P < 0.003）。SBP和DBP的季节变化与工厂是否有空调存在独立关联（SBP：β = 0.194，P < 0.0001；DBP：β = 0.054，P = 0.038）。从夏季到冬季SBP升高超过10 mmHg的受试者百分比，无空调工厂高于有空调工厂。
（1）血压正常受试者的动态工作血压随季节变化，冬季值更高。若在高血压受试者中得到验证，可能需要根据这些变化调整药物治疗。（2）研究结果表明，从组间血压比较得出有效结论需要控制多个因素，特别是一年中的季节。（3）工厂的气候条件影响血压季节性变化的幅度。在无空调工厂工作会给员工的心血管系统带来相当大的额外负担。
