气铲和砂轮机产生的振动对手臂系统的急性影响。
Acute effects of vibration from a chipping hammer and a grinder on the hand-arm system.
作者信息
Kihlberg S, Attebrant M, Gemne G, Kjellberg A
机构信息
Division of Work and Environmental Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Nov;52(11):731-7. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.11.731.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to compare various effects on the hand-arm system of vibration exposure from a chipping hammer and a grinder with the same frequency weighted acceleration. Grip and push forces were measured and monitored during the exposure. The various effects were: muscle activity (measured with surface electrodes), discomfort ratings for different parts of the hand-arm system (made during and after exposure), and vibration perception threshold (for 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after the exposure).
RESULTS
No increase in muscle activity due to exposure to vibration was found in the hand muscle studied. In the forearm, conversely, there was an increase in both muscle studied. For the upper arm the muscle activity only increased when exposed to impact vibration. Subjective ratings in the hand and shift in vibration perception threshold were effected more by the grinder than the hammer exposure.
CONCLUSION
These results show that the reaction of the hand-arm system to vibration varies with frequency quantitatively as well as qualitatively. They do not support the notion that one single frequency weighted curve would be valid for the different health effects of hand-arm vibration (vascular, musculoskeletal, neurological, and psychophysiological).
目的
本研究旨在比较频率加权加速度相同的气锤和砂轮机对手臂系统产生的振动暴露的各种影响。在暴露过程中测量并监测握力和推力。这些影响包括：肌肉活动（用表面电极测量）、手臂系统不同部位的不适评级（在暴露期间和暴露后进行）以及振动感觉阈值（暴露前10分钟和暴露后10分钟）。
结果
在所研究的手部肌肉中，未发现因振动暴露导致肌肉活动增加。相反，在前臂，所研究的两块肌肉均有活动增加。对于上臂，只有在暴露于冲击振动时肌肉活动才会增加。与气锤暴露相比，砂轮机暴露对手部的主观评级和振动感觉阈值的变化影响更大。
结论
这些结果表明，手臂系统对振动的反应在数量和质量上都随频率而变化。它们不支持单一频率加权曲线对手臂振动的不同健康影响（血管、肌肉骨骼、神经和心理生理）均有效的观点。
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