Odensten M, Gillquist J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1993;1(1):39-43. doi: 10.1007/BF01552157.
In 40 normal cadaver knees from adults (mean age 29 years) the average length of the posterior cruciate ligament was 38 +/- 4 mm. The angle between the ligament and the long axis of the femur was 43.4 +/- 3 degrees with the knee in full extension. We studied the functional importance of different attachments of the posterior cruciate ligament. The distance between the central point of the normal attachment area on the tibia and the central proximal part of the femoral attachment area on the medial femoral condyle was found to change least during full range of knee motion. On the basis of the results in the present study we suggest some basic principles for a standardized replacement operation for a deficient posterior cruciate ligament using a new drill-guide. The drill-guide has been used in 14 consecutive patients (mean age 26 +/- 6 years) who underwent a reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. The patients have been followed for 2 years. The Lysholm score increased significantly from 60 +/- 16 preoperatively to 76 +/- 15 (P < 0.001) at 2 years, and the stability, measured with a laxity tester, improved from 8 +/- 3 mm total excursion preoperatively to 6 +/- 3 mm at 2 years follow-up. The follow-up time is still short but the results seem to be promising.
在40个来自成人（平均年龄29岁）的正常尸体膝关节中，后交叉韧带的平均长度为38±4毫米。膝关节完全伸展时，韧带与股骨长轴之间的夹角为43.4±3度。我们研究了后交叉韧带不同附着点的功能重要性。发现在膝关节全范围活动过程中，胫骨正常附着区域中心点与股骨内侧髁上股骨附着区域近端中心点之间的距离变化最小。基于本研究结果，我们提出了一些使用新型钻孔导向器对后交叉韧带缺损进行标准化置换手术的基本原则。该钻孔导向器已连续应用于14例接受后交叉韧带重建的患者（平均年龄26±6岁）。对这些患者进行了2年的随访。Lysholm评分从术前的60±16显著提高到2年时的76±15（P<0.001），使用松弛度测试仪测量的稳定性从术前的总偏移8±3毫米改善到2年随访时的6±3毫米。随访时间仍然较短，但结果似乎很有前景。
