Ferris D G, Golden N H, Petry L J, Litaker M S, Nackenson M, Woodward L D
Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1996 Jan;42(1):43-8.
The purpose of this study was to determine if a breast self-examination (BSE) "prompt" on oral contraceptive pill (OCP) packages would improve the frequency and timing of BSE among women who use OCPs.
Women between 13 and 40 years of age who were initiating, restarting, or continuing use of OCPs completed a baseline survey that assessed health behavior and practices. All received BSE education, and then were randomized to take either OCPs with a BSE prompt or regularly packaged OCPs (without BSE prompt) for three cycles. Three months later, subjects completed a follow-up survey that assessed BSE frequency and timing. A telephone survey of randomly selected subjects conducted 6 months after the baseline survey assessed BSE compliance after discontinuation of the prompt.
Of the 907 subjects at baseline, 49.3% performed BSE monthly but only 24.5% performed BSE during the correct time of the menstrual cycle. Among subjects who never performed BSE prior to the study, 40.3% of prompt subjects and 36.4% of the education-only subjects began BSE by the 3-month survey. Among subjects who performed BSE less than once per month at baseline, 50.9% of prompt subjects and 45.5% of education-only subjects increased the frequency of BSEs to a monthly basis by the 3-month survey. More women performed BSE during the correct time of the menstrual cycle at the 3 month follow-up survey (68.1% prompt, 62.2% education only) and 6-month survey (57.4% prompt, 48.9% education only) when compared with the baseline survey (24.7% prompt, 24.1% education only). Ninety-one percent of women in this study expressed a preference for a BSE prompt on OCP packaging.
An increased frequency of BSE was observed when women were exposed to an OCP package prompt, particularly for women who at baseline were already partially compliant with performing monthly BSE. A small but significant improvement was observed for correct BSE timing and this effect continued after the prompt was removed, although at a reduced level. The innovative BSE prompt was overwhelmingly well received by women in this study.
本研究的目的是确定口服避孕药（OCP）包装上的乳房自我检查（BSE）“提示”是否会提高使用OCP的女性进行BSE的频率和时间。
年龄在13至40岁之间开始、重新开始或继续使用OCP的女性完成了一项评估健康行为和习惯的基线调查。所有人都接受了BSE教育，然后被随机分为服用带有BSE提示的OCP或常规包装的OCP（无BSE提示）三个周期。三个月后，受试者完成了一项评估BSE频率和时间的随访调查。在基线调查6个月后对随机选择的受试者进行电话调查，评估提示停止后的BSE依从性。
在基线时的907名受试者中，49.3%的人每月进行BSE，但只有24.5%的人在月经周期的正确时间进行BSE。在研究前从未进行过BSE的受试者中，40.3%的提示组受试者和36.4%的仅接受教育组受试者在3个月的调查时开始进行BSE。在基线时每月进行BSE少于一次的受试者中，50.9%的提示组受试者和45.5%的仅接受教育组受试者在3个月的调查时将BSE频率提高到每月一次。与基线调查（提示组24.7%，仅接受教育组24.1%）相比，在3个月的随访调查（提示组68.1%，仅接受教育组62.2%）和6个月的调查（提示组57.4%，仅接受教育组48.9%）时有更多女性在月经周期的正确时间进行BSE。本研究中91%的女性表示更喜欢OCP包装上有BSE提示。
当女性接触到OCP包装提示时，观察到BSE频率增加，特别是对于基线时已经部分依从每月进行BSE的女性。在正确的BSE时间方面观察到了虽小但显著的改善，并且在提示移除后这种效果仍然持续，尽管程度有所降低。本研究中的女性对创新的BSE提示 overwhelmingly well received。 （注：“overwhelmingly well received”直接翻译过来是“压倒性地受到好评”，这里意译为“广受好评”更符合语境，但要求不能添加解释，所以保留原文）
