Walker S, Bruce V, O'Malley C
Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, England.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Nov;57(8):1124-33. doi: 10.3758/bf03208369.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the claims made by Bruce and Young (1986) for the independence of facial identity and facial speech processing. A well-reported phenomenon in audio-visual speech perception--the McGurk effect (McGurk & MacDonald, 1976), in which synchronous but conflicting auditory and visual phonetic information is presented to subjects--was utilized as a dynamic facial speech processing task. An element of facial identity processing was introduced into this task by manipulating the faces used for the creation of the McGurk-effect stimuli such that (1) they were familiar to some subjects and unfamiliar to others, and (2) the faces and voices used were either congruent (from the same person) or incongruent (from different people). A comparison was made between the different subject groups in their susceptibility to the McGurk illusion, and the results show that when the faces and voices are incongruent, subjects who are familiar with the faces are less susceptible to McGurk effects than those who are unfamiliar with the faces. The results suggest that facial identity and facial speech processing are not entirely independent, and these findings are discussed in relation to Bruce and Young's (1986) functional model of face recognition.
进行了一项实验，以研究布鲁斯和扬（1986年）关于面部身份识别与面部言语处理独立性的主张。视听言语感知中一个有充分报道的现象——麦格克效应（麦格克和麦克唐纳，1976年）被用作动态面部言语处理任务，在该效应中，向受试者呈现同步但相互冲突的听觉和视觉语音信息。通过操纵用于创建麦格克效应刺激的面部，将面部身份识别处理的一个元素引入到这个任务中，使得（1）一些受试者熟悉这些面部而另一些受试者不熟悉，以及（2）所使用的面部和声音要么一致（来自同一个人）要么不一致（来自不同的人）。对不同受试者组在麦格克错觉易感性方面进行了比较，结果表明，当面部和声音不一致时，熟悉面部的受试者比不熟悉面部的受试者对麦格克效应的易感性更低。结果表明面部身份识别与面部言语处理并非完全独立，并且结合布鲁斯和扬（19八6年）的面部识别功能模型对这些发现进行了讨论。
