Munhall K G, Gribble P, Sacco L, Ward M
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
Percept Psychophys. 1996 Apr;58(3):351-62. doi: 10.3758/bf03206811.
Three experiments are reported on the influence of different timing relations on the McGurk effect. In the first experiment, it is shown that strict temporal synchrony between auditory and visual speech stimuli is not required for the McGurk effect. Subjects were strongly influenced by the visual stimuli when the auditory stimuli lagged the visual stimuli by as much as 180 msec. In addition, a stronger McGurk effect was found when the visual and auditory vowels matched. In the second experiment, we paired auditory and visual speech stimuli produced under different speaking conditions (fast, normal, clear). The results showed that the manipulations in both the visual and auditory speaking conditions independently influenced perception. In addition, there was a small but reliable tendency for the better matched stimuli to elicit more McGurk responses than unmatched conditions. In the third experiment, we combined auditory and visual stimuli produced under different speaking conditions (fast, clear) and delayed the acoustics with respect to the visual stimuli. The subjects showed the same pattern of results as in the second experiment. Finally, the delay did not cause different patterns of results for the different audiovisual speaking style combinations. The results suggest that perceivers may be sensitive to the concordance of the time-varying aspects of speech but they do not require temporal coincidence of that information.
本文报告了三项关于不同时间关系对麦格克效应影响的实验。在第一个实验中，研究表明麦格克效应并不需要听觉和视觉言语刺激之间严格的时间同步。当听觉刺激比视觉刺激滞后多达180毫秒时，被试者受到视觉刺激的强烈影响。此外，当视觉和听觉元音匹配时，会发现更强的麦格克效应。在第二个实验中，我们将在不同说话条件（快速、正常、清晰）下产生的听觉和视觉言语刺激进行配对。结果表明，视觉和听觉说话条件的操作分别独立地影响了感知。此外，与不匹配的条件相比，匹配度更高的刺激引发更多麦格克反应的趋势虽小但可靠。在第三个实验中，我们将在不同说话条件（快速、清晰）下产生的听觉和视觉刺激进行组合，并使声学刺激相对于视觉刺激延迟。被试者表现出与第二个实验相同的结果模式。最后，延迟对于不同视听说话风格组合并未导致不同的结果模式。结果表明，感知者可能对言语随时间变化方面的一致性敏感，但他们并不需要该信息的时间重合。
